tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4341259493417567382024-03-13T06:59:29.181+05:30The World View by JashanUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger18125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-9831235164825050872019-11-03T14:00:00.001+05:302019-11-03T14:16:36.763+05:30PAGES OF HISTORY: - SIKH WARRIORS: The Saviors of Kumbh<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><u>By Col SS Gill</u></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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The Sikhs
have a glorious history of fighting against the injustice of emperors like
Aurangzeb and be one of the major reasons of finally bringing its downfall.
They have always played a major role in the history of Punjab. However probably
only a handful people would know that they played a massive role which had a
permanent impact which is prevalent till date outside Punjab. This was in the
most important event that happens in India- The Kumbh Mela. Sadly, this
incident doesn’t find mention at any place. Hence referring to many sources (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Chahar Gulshan book on Kumbh,
Dabestan-e-malaheb by Mohisin Fani, Khulasat-ul-Tawarikh, Geographer Captain
Francis Raper report of 1760, Allahabad District Magistrate Report of 1888,
Biography of Begum Samru and various historical topics in newspapers /
magazines in last 15 years</i>) I have tried to resurface this critical
incident for the knowledge of everyone<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisS_0ERjks8r-sofOH8SfMmm_dSRSkWEJn2ppCj62-U_bhg7gyqaJPAJseYaXE6uVBboYfWxyKqZ6cI3JTxdmLvsTII6zWHBuF4GpdvLYIl4gRGKSG2X9tBCX6_X7Q70GJFjlX1K9lXNY/s1600/Sikh+Warriors+in+a+fight.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="479" data-original-width="641" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisS_0ERjks8r-sofOH8SfMmm_dSRSkWEJn2ppCj62-U_bhg7gyqaJPAJseYaXE6uVBboYfWxyKqZ6cI3JTxdmLvsTII6zWHBuF4GpdvLYIl4gRGKSG2X9tBCX6_X7Q70GJFjlX1K9lXNY/s400/Sikh+Warriors+in+a+fight.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Sikh Warriors fighting one the battles during Misl Periods</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</o:p></div>
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For those of us who do not know Kumbh
Mela, it is the most important and one of the oldest religious events of
Hindus. It is celebrated once in 12 years in rotation at four Dhams of sacred
rivers – Haridwar on Ganga, Ujjain on Shirpa River, Nashik on Godavari and
Prayagraj and Triveni of Ganga, Yamuna and mystical Sarawati. While Kumbh is held
after 12 years, Ardh Kumbh is held after 6 years (Ardh means half). Both are
held on fixed dates based on combination of position of Jupiter, Sun and Moon
as per the Vikram Samvat Calendar. I will not touch upon the history of Kumbh
but it surely is an occasion when millions of Sadhus, Traders, Pilgrims and
Visitors attend the Kumbh. With the passage of time the number of visitors has
only swelled. In the last Maha Kumbh of 2013 more than 120 million people are
said to have visited Prayagraj<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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The event that Sikhs played a
critical role was at the 1796 Ardh Kumbh at Haridwar. However before going into
the details, we should know the background and why Sikhs interfered and made an
impact<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><br /></u></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u>The Background<o:p></o:p></u></b></div>
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With such a huge gathering of
people, the Kumbh is not just a religious event. It was a whole commercial
event and can make a political impact. Traders from across the religious and
even neighboring countries came to the event. The trade along with religious activities
like order of taking baths and various other religious ceremonies involved huge
amount of money in Kumbh. There were various Akharas involved in these activities.
Over time there were serious clashes between the various Akharas over the
control of activities. <o:p></o:p><br />
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk0Uf2y08wiDWAkDYDah9AVrxWl_MMoAP03twLk2WWoxuBFJF6Q-lfcfmgX95Vw7niMnl5BKMGZFCjC-MTrb912m_o35hC0UKYH_4EoyXjtE_s5PAQCC8y8x-9aVcvtDTlZHDYKs25El4/s1600/Haridwar+Kumbh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="449" data-original-width="683" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk0Uf2y08wiDWAkDYDah9AVrxWl_MMoAP03twLk2WWoxuBFJF6Q-lfcfmgX95Vw7niMnl5BKMGZFCjC-MTrb912m_o35hC0UKYH_4EoyXjtE_s5PAQCC8y8x-9aVcvtDTlZHDYKs25El4/s400/Haridwar+Kumbh.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>The Kumbh at Haridwar</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br />
There is a long history of
clashes recorded right from 1310 to 1760 where, as per report of geographer
Captain Francis’s report more than 18000 Vaishnavi Sadhus were killed by the
ferocious Naga Sadhus of the Shaivite Sect. Even bigger number are feared to
have drowned about whom no accounts are there. This continued in 1766 at Ardh
Kumbh at Haridwar where a reported 9000 Sadhus of the peaceful sect of
Nirvani/Mahanirvani who are based at Prayagraj were killed. Over time the
Shaivaite Naga Sadhus emerged the most violent Akhara which had many people and
arms under its control. They played an important role in the subsequent wars
between various kingdoms (They went by political considerations rather than
religious as they had supported Mughals against Hindu kings in many wars)<br />
<br /></div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVi_AGU4cqg16jfq7p7QLFcF-xzzOH0vbS-YikW1FEOMLYxg_lKNh6w2624QWujWdUHTl7O9NQnzXxzKSTz9vAQtrFY-h5d2TZ6XTuyu1yNd8lBDa0cZmoxiojop8t5rzuWR9exoMyfNA/s1600/Naga+Sadhus+Present.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="673" data-original-width="1010" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVi_AGU4cqg16jfq7p7QLFcF-xzzOH0vbS-YikW1FEOMLYxg_lKNh6w2624QWujWdUHTl7O9NQnzXxzKSTz9vAQtrFY-h5d2TZ6XTuyu1yNd8lBDa0cZmoxiojop8t5rzuWR9exoMyfNA/s400/Naga+Sadhus+Present.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Naga Sadhus participating in a recent Kumbh</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br />
The British were also very
watchful of the Kumbh. Such a huge gathering religious of people could be
easily used by a strong personality to rally support and throw the handful Britishers
out of India for good. The Kumbh also was an excellent opportunity for the
Christian missionaries to carry out their proselytizing activities.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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As the Shaivite sect was most
powerful due to numbers with it and firearms, East India Company started to
back them. This resulted in all the power of collection of taxes, allotment of
places, judiciary and policing to come under them after 1760. Also, East India
Company was backing Begum Samru (Samru state near Meerut) who was a Christian
convert from Islam. She has employed hundreds of Europeans in her cavalry and
administration and was married to a French Army Officer from her army. She was
at forefront to organize the Christian Missionary activities at Haridwar Kumbh.
<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeQKcfVysXI37ylz7R_hwsgPDWKf0QtkVUy41wTD6V7v4hb-JkQ3WKHWK5GMIXRKflahXNjpa9zUlEeWoxVgL-fhJcbUCyp0yR1CKiQe5T8ZVmAnDq1FvY0a_8eRFvHnf8sP8OzCQ_ZoI/s1600/Begum+Samru.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="602" data-original-width="509" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeQKcfVysXI37ylz7R_hwsgPDWKf0QtkVUy41wTD6V7v4hb-JkQ3WKHWK5GMIXRKflahXNjpa9zUlEeWoxVgL-fhJcbUCyp0yR1CKiQe5T8ZVmAnDq1FvY0a_8eRFvHnf8sP8OzCQ_ZoI/s400/Begum+Samru.jpg" width="337" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Begum Samru</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br /></div>
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Company banned participation of
Vaishnav Sadhus in the Kumbh. This meant open field for Shaivite Sadhus, Begum
Samru and East India company in terms of money collection, justice mechanism,
propaganda including Christian missionaries. This one-sided positioning led
various peaceful sects of Sects / Akharas which included Vaishnav, Nirmala,
Udasis, Nirvani, Panchayali Mahanirvani, Niranjani, Taponidhi, Nirmohi (Which
is a party to Ayodhya dispute) to get together in these desperate times and
approached Raja Sahib Singh Sahib Singh of Patiala (Ancestor of Captain
Amarinder Singh, CM of Punjab). <o:p></o:p><br />
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWgrnuqsrro_9PpJU_x1Uruy5MH6Ckesi6H9c_7Zpe64rvMiU3FY_FNU2yh6Nb6HUKBRQOU0VfOPxUx7U3Kel38nUr2BSp2ZLrj0sZE9BZ64PoRm7jfxe0mim_yBq9h3b3H0BuEFvoCBI/s1600/Raja+Sahib+Singh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="222" data-original-width="168" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWgrnuqsrro_9PpJU_x1Uruy5MH6Ckesi6H9c_7Zpe64rvMiU3FY_FNU2yh6Nb6HUKBRQOU0VfOPxUx7U3Kel38nUr2BSp2ZLrj0sZE9BZ64PoRm7jfxe0mim_yBq9h3b3H0BuEFvoCBI/s400/Raja+Sahib+Singh.jpg" width="302" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Raja Sahib Singh of Patiala whose troops played a pivotal role</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br /></div>
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The local population had also
started to look up to the Khalsa warriors for help and started to pay Rakhi
(Protection money) to them. The Rani of the Raja, Rani Ratan Kaur played a key role
in all this incident. She sent requests to all the local chiefs of the region.
Many agreed to support overtly or covertly. Ranjit Singh who was not in a very
strong position at that time chose to stay away. The Bhangi Sardars of Bhangi
Misl which was the most powerful Misl and Dhanna Singh of Kaithal wanted to
help the peace loving Vaishnav sects and local population. To remind all this
was a time when all peaceful sects and Akharas were being kept out of the Kumbh
by Shaivite sect<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><br /></u></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u>Decisive clash of 1796 Ardh Kumbh at Haridwar<o:p></o:p></u></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><br /></u></b></div>
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As per Captain Thomas Hardwick in
“Asiatick Researches” approximately 2.5 million people were participating at
1796 Ardh Kumbh of Haridwar. The Udasis sect with the backing and support of
the Khalsa warriors decided to participate. This was a provocative move but
with Sikhs strong holding their back, they decided to break the cycle of
injustice. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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As the Udasis started to reach
Haridwar, about 2000 cavalry men camped at Jwalpur near Haridwar under the
leadership of Dhanna Singh of Kaithal and Sahib Singh of Patiala. The rest of
cavalry of 12000 under leadership of Rai Singh Bhangi and Sher Singh Bhangi was
resting secretly between Haridwar and Roorkee about whom both East India
Company and Begum of Samru were not aware. They also simultaneously were
providing protection to families of Vaishnav followers which consisted mainly
women and children. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The Udasis chose a site near the
Ganga and set up their base erecting their flag. However, there was a violent
reaction from the Shaivite Mahants who lead an attack on the camp and looted
and injured the Udasis and many more Bairagis who were tagging along. Despite
this Raja Sahib Singh of Patiala sent a Vakeel (Agent) along with Dhanna Singh
Kaithal to meet the head Mahant of Shaivite Sect and other committee members.
Tax was paid to Gossain Mahant and matter was resolved. Dhanna Singh requested
looted stuff to be returned which was then agreed upon. However, the episode had
irked the Gosain Shaivite Mahants as a very provocative move as per them had been
made by Udasis and the Vaishnav Sadhus and they were required to be taught a
lesson. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
All went well as per the
agreement for first three days of the Kumbh. However, on the 4<sup>th</sup>
day, 10<sup>th</sup> April 1796, Gosain Mahant turned violent and started to
beat the Vaishnav Sadhus. They were joined by the troops of Begum of Samru and
they started to now loot them adding to the insult. While all this was going on
a battalion (1000 Troops) of East India Company stood by as mute spectators
allowing this to happen. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
This lead the 2000 cavalry to
come to the rescue and asked Gosain Mahants and Begum Samru to stop as all
taxes had already been paid. Instead they were attacked which lead to a counter
attack by the Sikhs and pitched battle had started. In an hour the 12000
Cavalry under the Bhangi Sardars also joined the small Sikh Cavalry. Against
them stood 50000 armed Gosain Mahants and 1500 infantry/cavalry of Begum of
Samru. The Sikh warriors soon gained an upper hand and killed many Gosain
Mahants and the infantry of the Begum. Staring at a complete rout and wipeout
of Gosain Mahants and Begum’s troops the British started to interfere in favor
of their allies. They rescued many Mahants from drowning around various Ghats
and asked the Sikhs to stop the fight. The British were forced to punish many
Mahants for breaking the treaty and cause violence. As per British records over
2000 Gosain Mahants and Begum’s infantry were killed while 20 Sikhs fell in the
battle. <o:p></o:p></div>
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This was the first live encounter
which British had witnessed on the fierce fighting skills of the Khalsa
warriors and took a serious note which was incorporated in their strategy (The
Khalsa Raj of Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the last territory occupied by East
India Company once rest of the country had been subdued). <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The event had a lasting impact on
Kumbh itself. Shaken by the swift and ferocious action, the East India Company
was forced to apply a standard operating procedure for Kumbh involving all
sects. This SOP is still followed till present day. The Various Akharas were
provided with timeslots for the Shahi Ishnaan for future. The Missionaries were
also forced to move out of Kumbh. With a semblance coming at Kumbh mela became an
even bigger center of religious, social and commercial activities that traders
from far off areas of Persia, Tibet, Nepal, Arabia and many more came to
participate in it<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
20 years later Maharaja Ranjit
Singh Decided to attend the Kumbh at Haridwar in 1806, the British aware of the
1796 clashes and wary of any repeats specially deputed a very senior officer Charles
Metcalfe to personally accompany the Maharaja. The trip did not ultimately
materialize due to reasons best known to the Maharaja himself<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
For the Sikhs while this great
contribution was lost in history and known to a few, also represented a lost opportunity
in many ways. The area between Ganga Yamuna doab which included cities like
Meerut, Shamli, Muzzaferpur became quite pro Sikh and paid Rakhi (Protection)
money to them. The Jaat caste of the region started to put Singh in their names
and in many cases even the females started to put Kaur behind their names. The
general population which were non-Sikh started to build small Gurudwaras in
their localities. These were however dismantled by the British at later stages<o:p></o:p></div>
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In hindsight Maharaja Ranjit
Singh could have used the advantage to bring these areas under his rule which
would not have been hostile instead of expanding further west to hostile areas
which drained the resources of the Sikh Raj. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
In-fact there are quite many
evidences which indicated that the British in 1809 were ready to have Yamuna as
the boundary with Maharaja Ranjit Singh at a time when they were badly caught
up with Marathas, Tipu Sultan and Jats of Bharatpur. History knows that Sutlej
was agreed upon as the boundary. The above caused Maharaja Ranjit Singh to
practically give up Sindh and the critical access to sea it could provide. This
would have been decisive in long term. Rest is History. <o:p></o:p></div>
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-73732592868453409302019-08-10T23:12:00.003+05:302019-08-16T09:53:15.618+05:30Hussaini Brahmans: A bridging community, Hindu by religion, Islamic by faith<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><u>By Col Satwant Singh Gill</u></b><br />
<br />
The Hindu society for ages has been divided in 4 Varnas and various Jatis. The Brahman were supposed to be educated & religious ones, the Khastraya the warriors; the Vaish the traders and the other daily activities; Shudras to do the minial work. Manu in his ManuSmriti further strengthened the order of Varnas with punishment for those who went against it. When Islam came to India it further added to the complicated equation especially as the later were in power. The British as rulers made the most of it to rule over India. In the present times, the atmosphere of divide and mistrust has been the same if not increased.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDdATNTEjOfopCupaqrP-wC_Ki2MFM2uQtDvt2E3Dt0ZoVHNRWthKCuKluiGV3MZxdZuEjyImFWEgyMsWu96AJRTY10FSyUxhJhjoBm10B7LGAtDrdcSiazgPWQdAwiEkDaoCZelzbQ-Ue/s1600/Shia+Muslims.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="422" data-original-width="759" height="353" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDdATNTEjOfopCupaqrP-wC_Ki2MFM2uQtDvt2E3Dt0ZoVHNRWthKCuKluiGV3MZxdZuEjyImFWEgyMsWu96AJRTY10FSyUxhJhjoBm10B7LGAtDrdcSiazgPWQdAwiEkDaoCZelzbQ-Ue/s640/Shia+Muslims.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Shia Muslims whose many traditions are followed by Hussaini Brahmans like Taziyas. </b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b></b><br /></div>
<br />
However in such times there is still one community which is Hindu by religion but Islamic by faith. These are the Hussaini Brahmins!!! How did it happen? There is a whole history behind them. But first we go into a brief about Brahmins and then the story.<br />
<br />
The Brahmins over the times have been divided into various clans mostly based on regions- Mohyal's (Dutt, Chibber, Bakshi) are mainly from Afghanistan, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtoonwa, Sharma's from northern part of India like Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, HP etc, Maithli's from Gangetic plains and Central India, Iyer's & Aiyengar's from South India,Mahitaya's from North East, Peshwas/ Chitpavan from Deccan and various others spread all across the country.<br />
<br />
Out of these clans one caste, the Dutt/Dutta of Mohyal Brahmin clan call themselves as Hussaini Brahamans. As per legend they are the children of Rahib Dutt. Rahib Dutt fought on the side of truth with Imam Hussain and in that infamous war lost his seven sons and many of his kith & kin. How they landed in Iraq has two versions of the story. As per one account they were courtiers based at Lahore and went there to support the imam. Other story says that they were based in Baghdad, probably due to diplomatic duties or as cloth merchants. 1400 Hussaini Brahmans joined the Battle of Karbala alongside Imam Hussain. According to them, they were participating in Mahabharata of their times representing the side of truth. However unlike Mahabharata Imam Hussain lost and his life could not be saved against the superior forces of Caliph Yazid IbnMuawiyah. It is also said Rahib was childless for long time. He had his 7 children only with the blessing of Imam. They were born to serve the Imam and fulfilled their destiny sacrificing their lives for him.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg93Pcpb7qc4HwJ7QE9iOTEjdAd0Vw-ccqkXnWCaYMHLiyyrRHMw7zJBAp9OcCjDKwRTN5xPo7r9J3hHJPQ4xoTjvQlHvXPnEXzJQ2ZW9JidatF8Jj8DtAClKitfwAIYcXERUImf1OpLQpq/s1600/Battle+of+Karbala+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="323" data-original-width="600" height="344" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg93Pcpb7qc4HwJ7QE9iOTEjdAd0Vw-ccqkXnWCaYMHLiyyrRHMw7zJBAp9OcCjDKwRTN5xPo7r9J3hHJPQ4xoTjvQlHvXPnEXzJQ2ZW9JidatF8Jj8DtAClKitfwAIYcXERUImf1OpLQpq/s640/Battle+of+Karbala+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Battle of Karbala where Rahib Dutt and his 7 sons participated. The 7 sons were martyred in the Battle</b></td></tr>
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After the war, the family of the Prophet blessed Rahib Dutt and is said to have given the name of Hussaini Brahmin to Rahib & his family as blessings.<br />
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Rahib is said to have left Bahgdad after the war for India. However many of the Brahmins were still said to be left behind. Over many centuries many of them have either converted to Islam or left for India. There still today a place known as Dair-i-Hindiya or Indian quarter strongly pointing towards the story.<br />
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In Pre Independence India most of the Husaini Brahmans were settled in cities of Lahore, Sheikhpura, Dipalpur and in Sindh. After Partition these families migrated all across India in cities of Pune, Pushkar, Indore, Jammu & Delhi. A part of them are said to have merged with Kashmiri Pandit's and Bhumihar's of Bihar<br />
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When in present times, a strong undercurrent of communal distrust is present in Indian society, Hussaini Brahmans sound like oxymoron. A section of the community even takes out Tazias every year during Muharram. A report in Times of India pointed in one of it's report of Mr Rakesh Kumar of Shadipur heading the Kalyanpuri Tazia. The popular saying for the community is "Wah Dutt Sultan, Hindu ka Dharam Mussalman Ka Iman, Aadha Hindu Aadha Musalman" (Wow Dutt Sultan, Hindu by Religion, Muslim by faith, Half Hindu Half Muslim a rough translation)<br />
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Besides Taziyas, there are many examples where Hussaini Brahmins have contributed to many Shia traditions like composing Marsiyas, constructing Imambaras. Chunnu Lal Dilgeer(1778-1846) one Hussaini Brahman of 19th Century composed 70000 couplets in praise of Hussain and War of Karbala. Mewa Ram was another member & a great follower of Imam and constructed Imambara at Lucknow besides arranging Taziadari at him home.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_Pfok_8iaGZLSxw6u2n6SKs7DPUv50MK1xIXfxPGeZHleP_H3tSB23JVZ5D0Goqm9kR1ZF8Z9ifsqaACShkbuQ4QlNpqMH4Via_C0_NzApGte_WS-PefcpGGSOSYq32m6XiN4_el4Hd74/s1600/Sunil+Dutt+%2526+Nargis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="354" data-original-width="647" height="350" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_Pfok_8iaGZLSxw6u2n6SKs7DPUv50MK1xIXfxPGeZHleP_H3tSB23JVZ5D0Goqm9kR1ZF8Z9ifsqaACShkbuQ4QlNpqMH4Via_C0_NzApGte_WS-PefcpGGSOSYq32m6XiN4_el4Hd74/s640/Sunil+Dutt+%2526+Nargis.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Sunil Dutt is a Hussaini Brahman. Nargis though a muslim was from a Hussaini Brahmin converted family</b></td></tr>
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There have been many famous Hussaini Brahmins- Sunil Dutt (Actor), Lara Dutta (Actress), Padam Shri winner of Birendra Nath Datta and Arpita Singh (Earlier Dutta), JP Dutta (Film Producer of Border fame), Divya Dutta (Actress), Barkha Dutt (Journalist) and many more. Nargis a muslim was from a family of Hussaini Brahmins converts to Islam (& Married to a Hussaini Brahmin Sunil Dutt- A ghar wapsi probably in modern terminology). In Indian army many Mohyal have risen to the highest ranks and play a very important role as modern fighters.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV_LPmA6LFiJzw9vPNc-tsyR77DLAB3TXECBnbCQncBXrSY9JIIJgwpX5RK_8vIlTlGLTvYn-cFqcjbF-qXdQQ7t3wH6DOhtlxCi61JtD-7-DTWnbgTLAWap6sttSxv7xrcSASZDPyVvNB/s1600/General+Chibber.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="350" data-original-width="125" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV_LPmA6LFiJzw9vPNc-tsyR77DLAB3TXECBnbCQncBXrSY9JIIJgwpX5RK_8vIlTlGLTvYn-cFqcjbF-qXdQQ7t3wH6DOhtlxCi61JtD-7-DTWnbgTLAWap6sttSxv7xrcSASZDPyVvNB/s640/General+Chibber.jpg" width="228" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Lt Gen M.L. Chibber one of the many Generals from the Mohyal Brahmins</b></td></tr>
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Besides Hinduism & Islam, the Husaini Brahmans played a great role in Sikhism too. Bhai Mati & Sati Das who were martyered with Guru Teg Bahadur were Chibber Brahmin before converting to Sikhism. Bhai Praga was another Chibber who was a martyr was with Guru Hargobind (6th Guru). In later times of Sikh Misls, Mai Karmo who was incharge of Katra area of Kanhaiya Misls (Capital at Batala) was another Mohyal. Some infamous personalities associated with Sikhism were also from the community like Diwan Dina Nath, Pandit Jallah and General Lal Singh during times of Anglo Sikh Wars. However this would be true for people from any community<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikxGFyXP2Lao7clOuk6nEl5FEh-S9qAkGddamOYeBfjufs9gwWpkxEq6GzUQPwbGgtykxMZwS8nppX2rMMCZH2M4su5ffMSkDaa20YuXMCMaRRyPz3y4EddRBNbjlcxk4jKmD18nU6phOZ/s1600/Bhai+Mati+Das+%2526+Sati+Das.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="362" data-original-width="881" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikxGFyXP2Lao7clOuk6nEl5FEh-S9qAkGddamOYeBfjufs9gwWpkxEq6GzUQPwbGgtykxMZwS8nppX2rMMCZH2M4su5ffMSkDaa20YuXMCMaRRyPz3y4EddRBNbjlcxk4jKmD18nU6phOZ/s640/Bhai+Mati+Das+%2526+Sati+Das.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Bhai Mati Das & Bhai Sati Das were Chibber Brahmins by ancestory</b></td></tr>
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Whatever be the case, the community surely is a great link between Hinduism & Shia Muslims and can be even extended to Sikhism. Shia Islam has surely been a much more peaceful sect in Islam. They have been voters of Atal Bihari in Lucknow where they reside in great numbers (Globally Iran is leader of Shia world). Not only have they been such a strong link between these two religions, they have played a strong role in building modern India. In such vicious times, more people should know about this unique community and help to try to get over the narcissistic tendencies that has crept into most of the religions.<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-30577635662649443142019-08-04T12:16:00.000+05:302019-09-17T12:52:55.602+05:30The Journey of Sikh Gurus & Leadership- Aspirants, Hostile Candidates & Schisms<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Sikhism is known by all to have been started by Guru Nanak Dev ji and then the Guruship passing to 9 succeeding Gurus and finally to Guru Granth Sahib. Except once when Guru Teg Bahadur (The 9th Guru) became Guru, the rest of the journey is defined at most places as passing from Guru to another.<br />
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In Terms of leadership & political structure of Sikhism after Guru Gobind Singh ji (10th Guru) is recognized as being under Banda Bahadur, then chaos time of Ghallugharas, further down Misls, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, British & finally Indian Republic<br />
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However all this has been is too simplistic view and a linear view. There have been multiple players inside Sikhism who had their influence and lead to many Schisms. Then there were the external political forces especially the Mughals, who also interfered. This all lead to complex situations at various parts of the journey some of whom I try to highlight<br />
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<b><u>Baba Sri Chand Ji</u></b><br />
Baba Sri Chand Ji was the elder son of Guru Nanak Dev Ji (1st Sikh Guru). Guru Nanak Dev ji through his life traveled across the world on Udasis propagating the message of God. In later stages of his life he settled at Kartarpur Sahib. Before Guru Nanak Dev Ji passed to heavenly abode, he chose Guru Angad Dev Ji as his successor for Gurgadi instead of his two sons especially Baba Sri Chand<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>An Udasi Village in Nepal</b></td></tr>
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Baba Sri Chand did not believe in the path of his father but followed path of asceticism. Quite a significant numbers of the followers of Guru Nanak Dev ji did not accept Guru Angad Dev ji as Guru but rather followed Baba Sri Chand. It is due to this reason that Guru Angad Dev ji had to move out of Kartarpur Sahib and move and establish his center at Khadur Sahib.<br />
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Baba Sri Chand formed his sect known whose followers were known as Udasis. He propagated messages of Guru Nanak Dev ji. However despite some schism during succession, Baba Sri Chand had very good relations with Sikh Gurus. Guru Ramdas ji (4th Guru) & Guru Hargobind Ji (6th Guru) both met Baba Sri Chand. Baba Sri Chand is also have said to contributed towards sarovar at Harmandir Sahib and provided materials in his possession towards Granth during times of Guru Arjan Dev ji(5th Guru). Infact Guru Hargobind is said to have sent his son, Baba Gurditta on request of Baba Sri Chand to become the successor of the Udasi Sect. It was this relationship that enabled Udasis to to be made caretakers of Gurudwaras over the years (However if this story is true then would have made Baba Sri Chand age at 134 years. Another alternate version is that Guru Hargobind sent his favourite son & probable successor Baba Gurditta to Kartarpur to help consolidate one sect the Udasis in favour of Sikhism at time of other threats from other Sect like the Minas, Dhir Mal)<br />
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However as the time progressed the Udasis sect became more corrupt with Brahamincal practices coming in them which lead to the Singh Sabha & Akali movement to restore Gurudwaras from the control of Udasis and hence Schisms between Sikhs & Udasis<br />
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<b><u>Baba Dattu Ji & Baba Dassu Ji</u></b><br />
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Like Guru Nanak Dev ji, Guru Angad Dev(2nd Guru) also chose a true disciple- Guru Amar Das ji as the third guru. Dattu(Younger) & Dassu(Elder) were the sons of Guru Angad Dev Ji. They were not happy that the Guruship did not remain in the family. While Baba Dassu realized his father's desire and reconciled, Dattu remained very aggressive towards the 3rd Guru throughout his life.<br />
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Guru Angad Dev ji (2nd Guru) had also asked Guru Amar Das ji to move to Goindwal Sahib from Khadur Sahib when he was anointed the guru as he expected sharp reactions from his sons. When he became guru he shifted from Khadur Sahib to Goindwal Sahib.<br />
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However Baba Dattu still remained aggressive. It is said Guru Amar Das while in Goindwal was kicked by Baba Dattu and to have overall peace left Goindwal for his native town of Basarke. It was only after some time on the urging of Baba Buddha ji that he returned back to Goindwal. Meanwhile Baba Dattu is said to have picked valuable from Goindwal but was looted on his way by Bandits and returned empty handed to Khadur Sahib<br />
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Baba Dattu had a desire to be the Guru but didn't have the qualities. Hence over the years his following dwindled very quickly. He remained dis grunted for many years. It was finally during the period of Guru Arjan Dev ji (5th Guru) that he realized his mistake and asked for forgiveness from the Guru<br />
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<b><u>Baba Mohan</u></b><br />
<b><u><br /></u></b>
Baba Mohan ji was the elder son of Guru Amar Das ji (3rd Guru). He aspired to be the 4th Guru and was jealous of Bhai Jetha (Later Guru Ramdas) the son in law of the guru. However he sensed that Guru Ramdas would be chosen as the successor. He then picked up the 'pothis' of his father and walked off (Later known as Mohan Pothis). These were not available with Guru Ramdas during his life.<br />
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It was also due to hostile reactions of Baba Mohan & Baba Mohari, Guru Ramdas is said to found a new city of Ramdaspur now famously known as Amritsar<br />
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It was years later that Guru Arjan (5th Guru) first send Baba Buddha & Baba Gurdas but they failed to convince Baba Mohan. Finally the Guru himself was able to change heart of Baba Mohan who made the Mohan Pothis available to the guru for compilation of Adi Granth<br />
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<b><u>Prithi Chand, Meharban & Harji (The Minas)</u></b><br />
<b><u><br /></u></b>
Prithi Chand turned out to be one of the most vicious enemies of the Sikhs. He was the eldest son of Guru Ram Das ji (4th Guru) and challenged the succession of 5th Guru Arjan Dev ji and founded his sect known as Minas (Meharbans as they call themselves. Mina is derogatory version) and declared himself as the rival Guru setting up a rival Guruship in which he was succeeded by his son Meharban and grandson Harji and the line still continues.<br />
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It is said during the life of the Guru Ramdas, Prithi continuously conspired against his brother & youngest son of Guru, Arjan Dev. He also took the middle son Maha Dev under his influence. However the Guru ultimately chose Guru Arjan Dev ji as his successor and publicly chastised him. After this Prithi left Amritsar & set up his Guruship at his wife's village at Hehar very near to Amritsar.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 10.56px;">The Family Tree of Guru Ramdas. The biggest 3 threats to Sikhism (Minas, Dhir Malias & Ram Raias) came from the family who set themselves as fake gurus against the legitimate successors</b></td></tr>
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Prithi Chand continued to conspire against Guru Arjan Dev ji (5th Guru). He carried out parallel activities whatever the Guru undertook- like laying having his parallel Gur Gaddi (He had all the symbols of Guru Ram Das like Mala, Topi, Selhi of Guru Nanak), foundation of Temple & Tank when Guru Arjan Dev was laying foundation of Har Mandir sahib to rival the guru.<br />
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As Guru was without a child for long, he hoped that Guru would pass away childless and planned to have his son Meharban installed as successor of Guru Arjan Dev ji . When in 1595 a son was born to the guru, he was really jealous and even tried to poison him.<br />
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While in Hehar, he tried to promote distorted & fake hymns on the name of Guru Nanak Dev ji. His son Meharban started compiling and circulating his own Granth and under the pen name of 'Nanak' and added fake verses of Prithi Chand & himself. They also added Brahmanical features in their Granth showing themselves as incarnation of Vishnu. Many in Sikh community started getting influenced by him and regarding Prithi Chand as their guru. It is one of the main reasons which lead Guru Arjan Dev ji to compile the Adi Granth and remove any attempts for distortions in the future.<br />
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Prithi Chand continuously is said to have complained and conspired with the Mughals and other enemies. Akbar with his liberal policies, when visited the Guru found no threat. However ultimately, when Jahangir came to the throne, to prove a point to the Islamic clergy and establish himself as a leader, was pushed by the influence of Prithi & others. This lead to the martyrdom of the Guru by Emperor Jahangir.<br />
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Prithi Chand died in 1618 and he was succeeded by his son Meharban. Meharban during the life of Prithi had prepared their version of Granth in which they mixed teaching of Nanak with Puranas, Ramayana, Mahabharata and their own teachings. He also chose of more adherent & pro government policy of non violence as opposed to the policy of Miri Piri of Guru Hargobind chose. This was perhaps to be in good books of Mughal overlords and seek their patronage and an official government recognition & support. He continued to propagate his version of Granth.<br />
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In 1627 when Shah Jahan ascended to the throne, brought a more hostile policy by new king against Guru Hargobind. In 1628, he was forced to move out of Amritsar never to return and found the city of Kiratpur. Like his father, Meharban had a huge role of conspiring with the Mughals. Then in 1635 after the Guru had moved out after Battle of Kartarpur (1634) to far away Kiratpur, Meharban as Grandson of Guru Ramdas, laid claim to Harmandir Sahib and got control of it. The Mughals were happy to collude as they wanted a weaken the Sikh movement. It will be surprising for most to know that no Guru after that including Guru Hargobind himself during his balance life afterwords visited Amritsar. What was worse years later Meharban's son Harji the next fake guru, even denied entry to Guru Tegh Bahadur (9th Guru) when he went there for a visit. This control of Harmandir Sahib, brought in further legitimacy to Meharban & Mina sect and many started to believe him as their Guru.<br />
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In 1640, Meharban died and was succeeded by his son Harji. Like his father the biggest resource Harji had was Harmandir Sahib under his control and he made most of it. He used it to viciously promote their version of Sikhism and managed a good following especially among the upper castes as their teachings unlike the Guru's promoted the version of those in power rather than all human beings as equal which was exactly opposite to what Guru Nanak even though he preached in his name. He promoted that Guru Nanak to Meharban (Including Guru Arjan but not Guru Hargobind) as being incarnations of Vishnu.<br />
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Harji lived as Guru right up-till 1696 when he died. The sect had continued to challenge right upto Guru Gobind Singh ji (10th Guru). Finally after death of Harji and when his three sons were fighting for succession, was Guru Gobind Singh ji finally able to install Bhai Mani Singh as Granthi of Harmandir sahib while the 3 sons of Harji had moved out.<br />
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As per the Minas however, Prithi Chand accepted Guru Arjan Dev ji as the guru. However when Guru Arjan Dev ji was martyred, as per them the a select group installed the 11 yr old Guru Hargobind as successor and maligned Prithi Chand even though he had not deviated from path of Guru Nanak. To prove their point they point that all verses of Prithi Chand were as Mahala 6 and not 5 showing he accepted Guru Arjan Dev ji as a true Guru. However this is also said to have been ploy of Harji to build legitimacy of their sect.<br />
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<b><u>Dhir Mal</u></b><br />
Dhir Mal surely can be categorized as another big threat and enemy during critical times of Sikhism. To understand the level negative impact he had, we will have to understand the background.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Sikh Gurus (6th Guru Onwards) timelines along with contemporary Mughal Emperors and Fake Gurus of 3 major threat lines (Minas, Dhir Malias & Ram Raias)</b></td></tr>
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Guru Hargobind ji (6th Guru) was the Guru for the longest period of all Gurus after Guru Nanak Devji. He became the guru in critical times when Guru Arjan Dev ji (5th Guru), his father was martyred. This was during the times when Jahangir has just come on the throne and wanted to establish his writ and carried out such actions. Also around the same time Prithi Chand is also said to have conspired with Mughals to get Guru Arjan martyred. He also declared himself the Guru and continue to challenge Guru Hargobind ji which was followed by his successors<br />
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Guru Hargobind during such times navigated Sikhism. He established Miri & Piri (Temporal Power & Spiritual Authority) and established the Akal Takht (Eternal Throne) right opposite Harmandir Sahib to show Sikh power and so that in future are not pushed so easily. In this delicate balance of power he had to spend few years in the Gwalior Fort as a prisoner. When Jahangir became more secure in his rule and with diplomatic efforts, lead to finally the Guru being released. It is for this occasion of his release that Sikhs celebrate Diwali.<br />
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When Shahjahan became emperor, the relations again became bitter. There were battles with the Mughals due to which Guru has to first shift to Kartarpur (As Amritsar was too near to Lahore) and too avoid further confrontations, the base was shifted to Kiratpur Sahib.<br />
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The Guru during these period which were very challenging was blessed with 6 Children- Baba Gurditta, Suraj Mal, Ani Rai, Atal Rai, Teg Bahadur & Bibi Biro. While Suraj Mal & Bibi Veero were involved in household duties and moved on with their lives (Suraj Mal's Grandson & all 5 sons of Bibi Veero participated in Battle of Anandpur and most attained martyrdom). They were not considered worthy to be Gurus. Teg Bahadur, Ani Rai were godly people who lived recluse lives. Teg Bahadur (Who became 9th Guru) settled in Bakala and Ani Rai passed away in Kiratpur only.<br />
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Baba Gurditta was esteemed highly by Guru Hargobind and was always groomed by him as the next Guru. It was during the times when Minas were constantly trying to undermine the Guru and alluding with the authorities of the day that Guru met Baba Sri Chand who requested one son to be given to him as successor of his sect the Udasis. In an strategic move Guru gave Baba Gurditta as son to Baba Sri Chand. Thus Baba Gurditta was now next in line of succession for both Sikhs and Udasis just helping to consolidate the sect back into Sikhism and ward of threats of Minas & Mughals. It is this relationship that led in times to come to make Udasis as the caretakers of Gurudwaras (It is other story how in later generations they became corrupt and away from Sikhism). Baba Gurditta made Kartarpur as his center where his two sons Dhir Mal & Har Rai were born.<br />
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When Guru Hargobind had to move to Kiratpur, Baba Gurditta moved with him but left his family at Kartarpur. The Guru also left the Adi Granth at Kartarpur . This was probably it was hoped that when things settle down, Guru could return back and make this as a center. Soon Amritsar was also occupied and claimed by Meharban as ancestor of Guru Ram Das. It was during these turbulent time that Baba Gurditta passed away at a young age of 25 only.<br />
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His son Dhir Mal did not even go to Kiratpur for last rights of his father. He remained in Kartarpur and refused to share the Adi Granth with Guru Hargobind. He started acting as a Guru designate and with the copy of Adi Granth strengthened his claim. He openly colluded with the Mughal authorities who granted him land adjacent to Kartarpur.<br />
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After Guru Hargobind (6th Guru) passed away, instead of Dhir Mal he appointed his younger brother- Guru Har Rai as the 7th Guru. Dhir Mal continued to preach himself as Guru and obstruct Gur Har Rai (7th Guru) & his young son Guru Har Kishan (8th Guru).<br />
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When Guru Harkishan (8th Guru) passed at a young age and directed next Guru (Teg Bahadur) was at Bakala, Dhir Mal moved his base there and proclaimed to be the Guru. When finally Guru Teg Bahadur (9th Guru) was recognized by Makhan Shah Lubana, Dhir Mal even tried to assassinate the Guru.<br />
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Having failed in all his efforts, he finally settled in Kartarpur. His successors still continue to proclaim themselves as Gurus and still hold the original Adi Granth known as Kartapuri Bir. When Guru Gobind Singh (10th Guru) requested the Adi Granth to be borrowed so that a copy could be made, Bahar Sodhi, son of Dhir Mal and fake Guru refused to share it. It was then Guru Gobind Singh (10th Guru) prepared it from the memory adding verses of his father and his one verse and is the Adi Granth (Now Guru Granth Sahib) which is used across the world.<br />
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The Dhir Malias now proclaim that after the attack on Guru Teg Bahadur (9th Guru), one Sikh managed to get the copy of Adi Granth. However Guru Teg Bahadur on finding out asked the Sikh to return the copy back and hence have the claim, citing which they don't share the copy to be kept as Amritsar and also that they have been forgiven by the Guru. This is highly unlikely as Dhir Mal was in a position of strength and highly likely that Bir could have been stolen. Also even post this said incident, Dhir Mal continued in his mislead ways. This whole is most likely a way to justify their claim to hold the Bir and also call themselves as Sikhs.<br />
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When Aurangzeb came in power and Dhir Mal (Who had lost much influence) was not of much use, put him in jail where he passed away. The Dhir Malias are now limited to Kartarpur and to the family of Sodhis outside which have minimal influence.<br />
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<b><u>Ram Rai</u></b><br />
Guru Har Rai (7th Guru) had two sons- Ram Rai & Har Kishan. He lived during one of the most tough times for the religion. The Minas lead by Harji was in control of Amritsar and proclaimed themselves as Guru's and had their own version of Granth. On other hand Dhir Mal was in Kartarpur and had the original granth and too proclaimed himself as Guru. Both has colluded with the Mughals. It is due to these threats that Guru Har Rai continued to stay in Kiratpur during his 17 years as Guru. He lead some visits in the Malwa region and tried to reform the Masands from the corruption but was always extremely challenged.<br />
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The challenges however did not abate. The sons of Shah Jahan- Aurangzeb & Dara Shikoh started a war of succession, there are some references that Guru had blessed Dara Shikoh (Most likely would not have been the case as no reference to the same is there in Mughal records). While the relationship were already bad, on coming of Aurangzeb and his fanatic ways, they further deteriorated.<br />
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In such times that Aurangzeb asked for the presence of the Guru in his court. The Guru instead sent his eldest son Ram Rai to the court. In the court when confronted by Aurangzeb on a reference to Muslims being shown in a bad way (Which is not the case), Ram Rai changed the verses. This infuriated the Guru, who excommunicated Ram Rai. Aurangzeb saw this as an golden opportunity to divide the Sikhs and granted Ram Rai with lands near Dehradun.<br />
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Thus during the life of Guru Har Rai (7th Guru) and next 3 Guru's, there was 3 rival claimants to Guru- Harji (Minas) in Amritsar, Dhir Mal at Kartarpur and Ram Rai at Dehradun. It is due to this reason that Guru Teg Bahadur built up his center at Anantpur near Kiratpur away from these 3 centers. Also with so much hostility in Punjab, he chose a wise step to go to East India. Here the Sikhs had not been visited after Guru Nanak (1st Guru). He could consolidate and meet with the sangats reassuring them that Guruship is in safe hands and avoid any hostility which could impact Sikhism. This was critical as Guru Harkishan had passed away in a very young stage and had just indicated where new Guru was and still the succession was challenged across.<br />
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Ram Rai continued to preach and have his following. He also stayed in Garhwal Srinagar and good relations with Raja Fateh Chand over whom had his influence and built some following in the region. He tried during the life of Guru Teg Bahadur (9th Guru) & Guru Gobind Sing (10th Guru) to build back relations. It is said in the end the Masands due to greed of his wealth (He had no offspring)burnt him when he was in deep slumber. His wife Punjab Kaur pleaded with Guru Gobind Singh (10th Guru) for help who is then said to have burnt the Masands alive.<br />
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His Dera continues to be run by nominated Masands till date and some following continues.<br />
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<b><u>Gulab Rai</u></b><br />
After Guru Gobind Singh ji moved out of Anandpur Sahib, it was confiscated by Mughals. Then Gulab Rai who was the grandson of Baba Suraj Mal (Son of 6th Guru Hargobind) bought Anandpur Sahib. He set up his manji and established himself as Guru. He began to initiate orders and have his own sect of Sikhs known as Gulab Rahis. As he had the seat of Anandpur Sahib under his control, gave way for him to have access to large amounts of funds.<br />
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The only credit that can be given to Gulab Rai is that he reconstructed the city of Anandpur Sahib. However since he had gained ground on flimsy and over time could not gain much support. Also there were opposition to him in Anandpur Sahib from Gurbakh Das an true follower of Gurus and an Udasi. These all factors kept the influence to the minimum and he was lost in history.<br />
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<b><u>Ajit Singh & Hathi Singh</u></b><br />
When Mata Sundari after death of Guru Gobind Singh (10th Guru) settled in Delhi, she adopted Ajit Singh as her son, as he reminded him of his son by the same name. However as Ajit Singh grew old, he turned out to be arrogant. Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah also tried to project him as a Sikh Guru to counter balance the influence of Banda Bahadur.<br />
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Ajit Singh under all these influences, encouraged by Mughals started to display himself as the Sikh Guru. This resulted in him being disowned by Mata Sundari who then moved out with his son (Hathi Singh) & his wife. Finally over time Ajit Singh behavior did not him any favour and lost all following. He was finally tried and sentenced to death for murder by Emperor Muhammad Shah<br />
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Hathi Singh also despite of living away from his father & with Mata Sundari also started to consider him as a Sikh Guru. He started to replace name of Guru Nanak (1st Guru) and put his name and propagate them as his hymns. This lead Mata Sundari to disown him too.<br />
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He finally moved to Burhanpur in MP where he built his dera and has a small following there. He passed without any heirs.<br />
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<b><u>Tat Khalsa & Bandai Khalsa</u></b><br />
Banda Bahadur after passing away of Guru Gobind Singh (10th Guru) took Punjab by storm. He defeated the Mughals in various battles including capture of Sirhind. He had an lasting impact. However in the second half of his conquests post attack on Lohgarh many started to leave him due to differences that had started to emerge. Baba Deep Singh could have been one of them as records show he participated till attack on Sirhind. Baaj Singh son of Baba Binod Singh left Banda Bahadur before the siege at Gurdas Nangal and Baba Binod Singh during the siege.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Banda Singh Bahadur</b></td></tr>
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Why this schism was created has many sides of the story which has some elements of truth and knowing all helps in creating an balanced perspective. The more propagated version is that Baba Banda Bahadur started to diverge from the path of Guru. He started to seat himself higher than others, started to propagate his own salutation "Fateh Darshan" instead of "Waheguru ji ka Khalsa Waheguru ki Fateh", brought elements not in line with Sikhism and started to demonstrate himself as Guru. This lead to many Sikhs leaving him including Baba Binod Singh.<br />
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However this is surely not the complete picture. Mata Sundari after the death of Guru Gobind Singh (10th Guru) settled in Delhi. She started to issue Hukumnama's in her own name and were followed by many Sikhs. As the time progressed, Banda Singh Bahadur's movement started to have an radical and revolutionary impact. They finished the Zamindari system, empowered the masses in the regions where they were in power. This threatened the established order of the times. The political elite across religions hence doubled their efforts to oppose this and tried all things in their books. They tried to push Banda to the corner and tried to maximize all the schisms.<br />
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It is during this period of last stand, Mata Sundari on her own will or under pressure from Mughals (As she was in Delhi) issued Hukumnama against Banda Bahadur (Hukumnama could have been falsely created by Mughals too). Also Baaj Singh who had left Banda opened negotiations with Mughals. The Mughals agreed to give some land to Baba Binod Singh & Baba Kahn Singh. This lead to Baba Binod Singh and other Sikhs leaving. Further to add strength to this Baaj Singh was employed by Mughals (Even grandson of Baba Binod Singh was also employed by Mughals). This strongly points to Schism either being created or strengthened by Mughals allegedly with collusion with Mata Sundari (Or falsely using her name).<br />
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Banda cornered finally agree to surrender on certain agreed conditions. According to the terms of the settlement the Nawab promised to spare the lives of the Sikhs if they relinquished their hold over the fortress and that the Nawab would recommend their case to the Emperor and would mediate on their behalf. Probably these included assurance given to Baaj Singh & Baba Binod Singh. However finally how it ended we all know. Like most political elites, when things came out in their favour, they punished Banda Bahadur earlier and after him even did not spare Baba Binod Singh.<br />
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After the death the Khalsa split into Bandai Khalsa (Followers of Banda Bahadur) and Tat Khalsa. They both clashed and a ceasefire was agreed with both getting Bungas at Amritsar. Finally there was a clash where open fighting happened in the premises of Harmandir Sahib and victory of Tat Khalsa. Probably Tat Khalsa during these times had tactical support of Mughals.<br />
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This was a period of extreme challenges. However Sikhism produced some great leaders like Baba Deep Singh, Nawab Kapur Singh & later Jassa Singh Ahluwalia & Jassa Singh Ramgarhia who helped get over the schisms and reintegrate & strengthened the cause of Sikhism despite whatever their role was during the time of previous schisms. However what happened during those period is certainly much more complex with loads of intrigues than what is known to most people. The truth would be somewhere inbetween both the versions.<br />
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<b><u>Namdharis</u></b><br />
The schisms and people who proclaimed themselves as Guru's did not abate after passing away of Guru Gobind Singh (10th Guru) & his clear instructions of Guru Granth Sahib as being the eternal Guru. For all practical purposes the movement was started by Ram Singh.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Ram Singh</b></td></tr>
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Ram Singh was a soldier in the forces of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. After first Anglo Sikh war he was deeply disillusioned by the some of the practices that had crept in Khalsa. He left the army and went to another pious man Baba Balak Singh who then anointed him as his successor and he left Khalsa. He then in 1857 settled in Bhaini Sahib and started to preach his own version of Sikhism in which non veg & alcohol were shunned, killing cow were prohibited and own version of Sikh practices were created. They chose white as their colour, tie turbans in a different way. They played an important role against the British who severly repressed them. Ram Singh was even sent of exile in Rangoon. They also help stop influence of Christian & Dev Samaj proselytism.<br />
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What created the schism with Sikhism and Kukas or Namdharis not being accepted in Sikhism were the belief that Baba Balak Singh & then Ram Singh and further successors are Gurus of Sikhism. As per Kukas, Guru Gobind Singh ji did not die in Nanded but came to Punjab where he in secret helped the Sikhs. He then appointed Baba Balak Singh as the next guru and who then made Ram Singh as his successor. The Namdharis still have their line of Gurus and even though they consider themselves as Sikhs, most Sikhs do not consider them as Sikhs<br />
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<b><u>Nirankaris</u></b><br />
Nirankari movement was formed by Baba Dyal Singh during the rule of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He opposed all the ritualism in Sikhism and propagated returning back to the teaching of Guru Nanak Dev ji and believed in the god in form of "Nirankar" or no form. According to him, the Sikhs were increasingly being seduced by the military glories and economic opportunities of Ranjit Singh's time, and were neglecting their duty to remember Akal Puralth through the practice of nam simaran.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Baba Dyal Singh</b></td></tr>
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Baba Dyal Singh left a brief manual of instructions known as Rahit Nama. He stressed a path which did not agree with Khalsa Path propagated by Guru Gobind Singh ji (10th Guru). Hence instead of "Waheguru ji ka Khalsa Waheguru ji ki fateh" they say "Dhan Dhan Nirankar" which brought them in conflict with mainstream Sikhism. Also Baba Dyal Singh was himself Sahajdhari (Without long hair) which is another main point of contention.<br />
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Whether Baba Dyal Singh wanted himself to be considered Guru is highly controversial. Baba Darbara Singh who took over from Baba Dyal Singh started to act like a Guru and since then there have been successive Gurus.<br />
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The Schism continued to grow as during the times of Singh Sabha Movement, most Nirankaris associated themselves with Sanatanis Sikhs who believed that there was no difference between Sikhism & Hinduism.<br />
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However Nirankaris do not question the 10 Sikh Gurus. They have supported Tat Khalsa during the times Anand Karaj was incorporated. The major reason for the schism with Sikhs is that they continue to believe in their own line of Guru's.<br />
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Thus as we can see, the journey of Sikh Gurus was not simple transfer from one Guru to another. There were various challenges from inside in form of Fake Gurus, from outside especially Mughals and at various points many Schisms were created. It is the faith and dedication of many who have helped us to continue to this day and we should never forget their sacrifices. However the tradition of the self proclaimed gurus continues to this day. We have recently seen Dera Sacha Sauda's Ram Rahim Singh trying to portray himself as Guru by dressing up as Guru Gobind Singh. Various other Deras and Babas still continue to flourish all over Punjab & surrounding states and a large number of Sikhs continue to follow them. It is perhaps that we don't read ourselves and look to external "Gurus" for guidance which has always prompted such Gurus and if we don't change ourselves will always continue with chain of such Gurus.<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-28835064813637467272019-07-31T18:42:00.000+05:302019-08-01T15:34:16.942+05:30Maharaja Sher Singh: The forgotten Maharaja of Punjab<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><u>By Col. Satwant Singh Gill</u></b><br />
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History has many great leaders who fell through the cracks and never recognized. Maharaj Sher Singh was one of them. He was a leader whose talent was not recognized during his times and not in times after him.<br />
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Maharaja Sher Singh was the 2nd son of the great Maharaja Ranjit Singh & his first wife Maharani Mehtab Kaur. Maharani was herself the daughter of Sada Kaur & Gurbaksh Singh of the famous Kanahya Misl with capital at Batala. Ironically the eldest son of Ranjit Singh, Kharak Singh was born to Dataar Kaur (the 2nd wife) who was daughter of younger sister of Sada Kaur married into the Nakai Misl<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Maharaja Sher Singh</b></td></tr>
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Sher Singh had a twin brother Tara Singh, who unlike him was a very simple godly man who did not get involved in the politics of the time. Sher Singh besides being the son of Ranjit Singh and 2nd in line to succession of Khalsa Raj was also the legitimate successor of Kanhaya Misl too, as Sada Kaur did not have any sons and Sher Singh was the son of the eldest daughter. Her husband had been killed long ago fighting Maha Singh (Father of Ranjit Singh). As one could guess these equations made the whole situation a really complex one<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Sada Kaur, the capable ruler of Kanhaiya Misl. Mother in law of Ranjit Singh, maternal grandmother of Sher Singh</b></td></tr>
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Sada Kaur was a very acute & capable leader and a visionary in her own right. The way in which she managed the Kanhaiya Misl after turbulent times when Gurbaksh Singh was killed demonstrates all those qualities. Many of those qualities were inherited by Sher Singh over whom Sada Kaur had a deep imprint.<br />
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These strong qualities in Sada Kaur always made Maharaja Ranjit singh wary of her for her entire life and never had good relations with her. Rather there was a grudging acceptance due to realistic factors of the day. As Mehtab Kaur (Sher Singh's mother) was close to her mother contributed to distancing between her & Ranjit Singh and in future over his relationship with Sher Singh too.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIlgagj7znZQruDBa3Kh18TIU2VLm2XuCwByvwLJjs3UwXzdtHOJKmW0IEw4iD_tQxKZIb5zYwPN-gF-rVjnFpHhB40-xe6FaP6eqSk6R7AzEytGFr6Au7I5mw0vRSl43b58blvy3rMKQ/s1600/Mehtab+Kaur.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1034" data-original-width="900" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIlgagj7znZQruDBa3Kh18TIU2VLm2XuCwByvwLJjs3UwXzdtHOJKmW0IEw4iD_tQxKZIb5zYwPN-gF-rVjnFpHhB40-xe6FaP6eqSk6R7AzEytGFr6Au7I5mw0vRSl43b58blvy3rMKQ/s400/Mehtab+Kaur.jpg" width="347" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Mehtab Kaur, eldest queen of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, daughter of Sada Kaur and mother of Maharaja Sher Singh & Kunwar Tara Singh</b></td></tr>
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Sher Singh was an extremely handsome, well built, well mannered prince. His upbringing was in Batala away from Khalsa capital of Lahore & Ranjit Singh and under Sada Kaur.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKdm5hyXt0HWJsvbMhoqjd8L10GvCsQaJzJpM_LKhIEAvg34RjLtyS5wbY3Eeh_k7JPq3j2F__gdQ4anDoQEPD6uI9XbKup-J1IV5yhiLcNF5yC2a6vU5WDvTsZwXZOIdFfxUshfS5z54/s1600/Baradari_of_Maharaja_Sher_Singh_%2528Front%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1065" data-original-width="1597" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKdm5hyXt0HWJsvbMhoqjd8L10GvCsQaJzJpM_LKhIEAvg34RjLtyS5wbY3Eeh_k7JPq3j2F__gdQ4anDoQEPD6uI9XbKup-J1IV5yhiLcNF5yC2a6vU5WDvTsZwXZOIdFfxUshfS5z54/s400/Baradari_of_Maharaja_Sher_Singh_%2528Front%2529.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Baradari of Sher Singh at Batala</b></td></tr>
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As per Britishers, Ranjit Singh believed that Sher Singh was not his son. However this is most likely to be propaganda as they were aware of the strained relationship between Ranjit Singh & Sada Kaur. The British on the other hand were also very impressed with the intellect & sophisticated habits of Sher Singh (& even his son Tikka Pratap Singh). As per them he could easily adapt to the ways of living & diplomacy and was quite popular with them. Infact the culture of tying one's beard was started by Sher Singh himself. Before him the culture in Sikhs was to leave the beard open & flowing. This trend started by him has infact now become a norm but rarely people know he was the creator of the sytle<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdeSuJm-82DXYRcqUUIyOwwfIbtg53qQhfxEpWiWHhmjTruZkVkQIVzf7nB4g9UEAmAdfTCZRc-kp67yehwmmOdrfzXJ76MiNhPU4js58rUyf1nicoT7xlpYFa4BUcJ2Y4zVXnGbq2Pcg/s1600/Hari+Singh+Nalwa.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="980" data-original-width="700" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdeSuJm-82DXYRcqUUIyOwwfIbtg53qQhfxEpWiWHhmjTruZkVkQIVzf7nB4g9UEAmAdfTCZRc-kp67yehwmmOdrfzXJ76MiNhPU4js58rUyf1nicoT7xlpYFa4BUcJ2Y4zVXnGbq2Pcg/s400/Hari+Singh+Nalwa.jpg" width="285" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Hari Singh Nalwa, the famous general of Maharaja Ranjit Singh who extended his boundary much beyond the traditional borders of Punjab</b></td></tr>
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<br />
As Sher Singh rose over time he started to prove his mettle. Away from the courts of Lahore, he proved his worth in battles and really impressed the famous general, Hari Singh Nalwa. It was perhaps due to these qualities that he was offered a chair in the Durbar in 1829 despite a strained relationship with Ranjit Singh.<br />
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He continued this display of character & further participated in various famous battles including Battle of Balakot (Now known for Air Strikes by India post Pulwama), Haripur & Hazara in 1831 against Sayeed Ahmed Shah Barelvi who had started a Jihad against the Khalsa Raj with masked support of the British (It is due to the same reason of concept of Jihad that Jaish e Mohammad has chosen Balakot as site of their training camp but that is a story for another day). Further Sher Singh was in the thick of action when Hari Singh Nalwa captured Peshawar from the Afghans in 1834 and once for all put the invasions of Afghans to a halt.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMbp0nnd_b13T_KzWMRfSZHn3o-q4VyLqQU32FgnKeQs7DSzO2N5g6woL0_x_LEmDGlBnwcGQHQl4EBPn_AyFGRYGRccXb77RvEBna4Pcefvn3pcO_KBbLa4ynWY2ukeor4xaSB8ywmRo/s1600/Battle+of+Balakot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="443" data-original-width="590" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMbp0nnd_b13T_KzWMRfSZHn3o-q4VyLqQU32FgnKeQs7DSzO2N5g6woL0_x_LEmDGlBnwcGQHQl4EBPn_AyFGRYGRccXb77RvEBna4Pcefvn3pcO_KBbLa4ynWY2ukeor4xaSB8ywmRo/s400/Battle+of+Balakot.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Battle of Balakot</b></td></tr>
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It was his extra-ordinary display and recommendation of Hari Singh Nalwa, that obligated Maharaja to make him Governor of Kashmir from 1831 to 1834. He did not let anyone down as he displayed extra-ordinary display of leadership and managed the province with great acumen.<br />
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Diplomatically, Sher Singh continued to impress. He was known to have the finest Buggy in Khalsa Raj which was always preferred by the British to travel around during their visits to Khalsa Durbar as mentioned in accounts of various Britishers.<br />
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The only Prince who was as capable as Sher Singh during Ranjit Singh's life was Kunwar Nau Nihal Singh son of Kharak Singh (The declared successor of Ranjit Singh who as per many was one of the most incapable leader).<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRv5Y2PH5P2IaD5ajeyO2lCcJy5xm57h_qqtddCHGKUAVWojfto02N2hnnT_DwZpqtMYs-vQ4Pn3gg4uY3kroZ-31uLdnC1r-6TadBxZ6mw-BXQ6clPSl4GOqMdRi72SaeVIDQMfryN48/s1600/Kunwar+Singh+%2526+Nau+Nihal+Singh.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="362" data-original-width="608" height="237" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRv5Y2PH5P2IaD5ajeyO2lCcJy5xm57h_qqtddCHGKUAVWojfto02N2hnnT_DwZpqtMYs-vQ4Pn3gg4uY3kroZ-31uLdnC1r-6TadBxZ6mw-BXQ6clPSl4GOqMdRi72SaeVIDQMfryN48/s400/Kunwar+Singh+%2526+Nau+Nihal+Singh.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Maharaja Kharak Singh & his capable son Kunwar Nau Nihal Singh</b></td></tr>
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After death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Kharak Singh was declared the successor. Sher Singh during that time stationed himself at Batala. He waited and closely watched the treacheries and intrigues of the Lahore Durbar.<br />
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The opportune time came when Kharak Singh passed away and Nau Nihal Singh was murdered. Chand Kaur on behalf of unborn child of Nau Nihal Singh declared herself as the regent. Sher Singh reached with his army at Budhu ka Awwa near Lahore to take over. The Khalsa Raj was now divided with Chand Kaur at one end and Sher Singh at other. Not known to them, the Dogra brothers were playing a master game with Gulab Singh aligning himself with Chand Kaur and Dhian Singh supporting Sher Singh were playing them around and playing both camps against one another. In this grand chess the Sandhwalia brothers were also instigated by Gulab Singh to support Chand Kaur.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRlBpXi4P08YAfovxeUA6sZIU9rrAwA5FzN_MyM5Xc97whJ9xMfy87My-0lzGCCnn15LLk1opiDIYMbXqe3HSeWebO5Yn-hphMuLQiDnxFUvu004gej163o3TFMN_RCg0UcPYAMo3AM20/s1600/Dogra+Brothers+Gulab+Singh+%2526+Dhian+Singh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="406" data-original-width="512" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRlBpXi4P08YAfovxeUA6sZIU9rrAwA5FzN_MyM5Xc97whJ9xMfy87My-0lzGCCnn15LLk1opiDIYMbXqe3HSeWebO5Yn-hphMuLQiDnxFUvu004gej163o3TFMN_RCg0UcPYAMo3AM20/s400/Dogra+Brothers+Gulab+Singh+%2526+Dhian+Singh.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Dogra brothers with Maharaja Ranjit Singh</b></td></tr>
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A temporary truce was agreed. However it quickly fell through and finally Sher Singh managed to capture Lahore and declare himself as Maharaja. Chand Kaur was put under house arrest and the Sandhawalia brothers crossed Sutlej and went under British protection staying in Calcutta for two years. It can also be induced that when Chand Kaur was killed by Dogra brothers, they had tactic approval of Sher Singh.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1LvzpUZCNLSPG3bbYFS0-FrnwBJN_yLCxMLjhtHS0cJ881Iw3P0MQ6MpGFAQsk2_jGg-Q2favKxGXwbSHLMksRN0IcWvckF-OkDikfDx6yHLvRFNWk_GUBH_hEnD-EQTRnLgLWle92ws/s1600/Sandhawalia+Ajit+Singh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="348" data-original-width="256" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1LvzpUZCNLSPG3bbYFS0-FrnwBJN_yLCxMLjhtHS0cJ881Iw3P0MQ6MpGFAQsk2_jGg-Q2favKxGXwbSHLMksRN0IcWvckF-OkDikfDx6yHLvRFNWk_GUBH_hEnD-EQTRnLgLWle92ws/s400/Sandhawalia+Ajit+Singh.jpg" width="293" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Ajit Singh Sandhawalia</b></td></tr>
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Sher Singh ruled capably during the short rule. He wanted to get over the fissures and re-integrate all stakeholders. In the process he forgave the Sandhawalia Sardars Ajit Singh & his uncle Lehna Singh. However they seeing this as a right oppurtunity planned to eradicate Sher Singh and the willy Dogras.<br />
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They got their chance on 15th September, 1843. Sher Singh after watching a wrestling match at Shah Behlol, went to a raised platform to review a parade. He called Ajit Singh near him to show him the new gun which had been recently purchased from the British. Ajit Singh used this opportunity to get near Sher Singh and shot him. He then chopped his head and put it on a spear and started to move towards Lahore fort. Meanwhile Lehna Singh killed Kunwar Tikka Pratap Singh, the son of Sher Singh and joined Ajit Singh. This was the end of the rule of a capable but unfortunate king of Khalsa Raj. Who knows if he could have been more shrewd like his grandmother Sada Kaur, he could have passed over this phase.<br />
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When the British finally annexed Punjab, they only recognized Sher Singh's rule as the last legitimate rule and all properties acquired after his rule were confiscated.<br />
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In hindsight Sher Singh was a talented capable leader. He however failed to understand the conspiracies and instead of being careful, started to trust people too soon. This resulted in a tragic end.<br />
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He & his son's samadhis are located at Shah Behlol (Where he was killed). Shah Behlol, was ironically the place from where his father (Maharaja Ranjit Singh) & his grandmother (Sada Kaur) with their forces had launched an attack to capture Lahore from the Bhangi Sardars (Gujar & Jhanda Singh) in 1779 to start the Khalsa Raj. Sadly it became the spot where it also practically ended (Although Britishers finally captured it after Anglo Sikh wars in 1846 & 1848).<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Maharaja Sher Singh</b></td></tr>
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History has many what if moments (Like if Dara Shikoh has succeeded instead of Aurangzeb). What if instead of incapable Kharak Singh, Sher Singh was recognized as legal successor. He was capable, intelligent, sophisticated & intellectual. However History is not "what ifs". It is what has happened and what we can do is learn from it. Instead of blindly declaring Maharaja Ranjit Singh as great and blaming failures on others (especially the Dogras), we should develop appetite to critically examine certain things that Maharaja Ranjit Singh should have done better in his later half of rule especially building a robust line of succession. The failure of the same lead to the crash in Khalsa Raj after he passed away. Part of the blame surely lies within. We should perhaps learn and implement these leanings in the present times too- the fault of failure is both external & internal. The challenge is to recognize internal shortcoming by not being narcissistic about it. </div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-7802154444274069702019-04-11T23:58:00.000+05:302019-04-11T23:58:57.713+05:30Indian Elections 2019<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
It's 2019 and the much awaited elections are back. For the ruling party supporters, they are in hope and almost certainly believe that the government is coming back. They hope the agenda started by the government will be completed in the next 5 years. Many are doubly sure, that the government will again get a majority. They believe that the charm of Mr Modi will take it to their side. They believe in a presidential style competition between Mr Modi vs other or Pappu or Mahamilavat depending on where you belong to.<br />
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For the opposition supporters, they hope that the government will be dislodged as they believe this government is bad for country. It is destroying the institutions. They are hoping though less sure that the government will be dislodged.<br />
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But which way will the election go. It's surely very difficult to predict. The country is divided and biased views are presented. I due to my job get to travel across various parts of the country which includes both urban and rural areas. As many Indians I am interested in politics. Hence besides work, I also try to get the political mood of the area. While I am no expert I surely will try to build in an unbiased analysis on which way the elections will swing.<br />
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To start with, we must look at India by dividing into many regions and further states. The regions and states behave very differently and hence only a national view would not be fair. The regions are divided based on the language, culture and type of political structure (Bipolar or Multipolar, National vs Regional parties etc)<br />
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<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">The Minority North</span></u></b><br />
We start from the north of the country. There are two states where our Majority is in minority in these states, hence the dynamics are quite different. However these states are not aloof and surely there are some regions where the Modi wave impacted like Jammu region of J&K<br />
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<b>J&K</b><br />
Last time it was a even split of 3 each between BJP & PDP. However it will not be so straight forward. PDP faces massive anger and anti incumbency in valley along with likelihood of boycott by many sections. PDP which draws it's support from more orthodox and boycott crowd is likely to lose from this and NC will gain<br />
In Leh where BJP had won will find it very difficult. The MP had quit the party and overall it's in a weak state. Here too NC is likely to gain<br />
In Jammu region, NC & INC have an alliance. However BJP is still very strong here and the alliance in the end may not be successful.<br />
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<b>Punjab</b><br />
Vidhan Sabha election was a triangular fight between INC, AAP & SAD-BJP. INC edged out both these parties comfortably. Much has changed in state in favour of INC. AAP has split and dodged by infighting. SAD has not been able to overcome the "Beadbi" of Guru Granth Sahib and it's Majha division has split in SAD (Taksali) all to advantage of INC<br />
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<b>Overall</b><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>It surely is gain for INC in this region</b></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>The Hindi Hills</u></b></span><br />
The two hill states are known to give clean sweeps. In 2009 it was INC and 2014, it was BJP. BJP repeated the feat in the state elections. Not much has changed in these states to have any major changes, except for perhaps senior BJP leader Gen Khanduri's son joining INC. Overall a clean sweep of BJP is expected with INC slipping one odd seat<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>BJP holds it fort</b></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Trans Yamuna Hindi Heartland</u></b></span><br />
Not to confuse people, these are states of Haryana, Rajasthan, National Capital Delhi and UT of Chandigarh. Most had been bipolar except Haryana, but with coming of AAP have turned into multi cornered elections except Rajasthan where it is still Bipolar<br />
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<b>Rajasthan</b><br />
The biggest prize here are the 25 seats of Rajasthan where BJP had a clean sweep last time. However in Vidhan Sabha, it was trumped by INC, which though of anti incumbency just managed to cross the half way mark. However the scenario will be different in Lok Sabha, where Mr Modi would be still popular and advantage will be with BJP but not with clean sweep like last time<br />
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<b>Haryana</b><br />
In Haryana BJP continues to be comfortable. INC is marred by infighting, INLD has split between 2 Chautalas and JJP being formed splitting the Jaat vote and AAP not so strong. If an AAP-JJP-INC alliance is formed, BJP has plan B to tie up with INLD. So surely the state is with BJP<br />
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<b>Delhi</b><br />
With AAP-INC alliance almost ruled out, will favour BJP. However AAP also is in a much better position than 2014 and will give a tough fight to BJP. INC surely will be a washout here<br />
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<b>Chandigarh</b><br />
Sole seat of Chandigarh has strong INC candidate of Pawan Bansal while Kiron Kher didn't do much and will not get the ticket. AAP is quite weak and will not make much impact like last time. In a tight race, advantage is with INC here<br />
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<b>Overall</b><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_wkiQmW_Qj_av-9gyMOtwjFTtcWJfkmq9Cy2U1dH6S2slYDUqh-hQNxftQyzIkdDCT3RWfSTiFd_-1fkBDdp24zfvW7-wLDHnTpte_xzBl585hBgNGdSQh70I_SYj267ZXo-FxWFy_Sw/s1600/Trans+Yamuna+Hindi+Heartland.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="284" data-original-width="960" height="117" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_wkiQmW_Qj_av-9gyMOtwjFTtcWJfkmq9Cy2U1dH6S2slYDUqh-hQNxftQyzIkdDCT3RWfSTiFd_-1fkBDdp24zfvW7-wLDHnTpte_xzBl585hBgNGdSQh70I_SYj267ZXo-FxWFy_Sw/s400/Trans+Yamuna+Hindi+Heartland.PNG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>BJP remains the power house but will lose seats</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>The Ganga Hindi Heartland</u></b></span><br />
This is the core of the country contributing to the most seats. The region is divided into castes and jatis with powerful ties. On top of that we have powerful set of alliances taking on each other. Here the BJP had swept last time. It is still dominant here but will surely drop seats<br />
<br />
<b>Uttar Pradesh</b><br />
With SP & BSP tying up on paper is a very big threat to BJP. However the votes are not likely to be mutually transferable. The Yadavs of SP and Jatavs and other SCs are not known to like each other and would rather vote for BJP & INC respectively. Similarly on other side, dropping INC may actually be better for SP-BSP. The upper caste vote would have gone to BJP rather than SP-BSP if there was an alliance. Now it will remain with INC just impacting BJP. The state is all set for a cut throat competition where Mr Modi surely has a great personal appeal but opposition has got it's arithmetic right<br />
<br />
<b>Bihar</b><br />
2 Maha Gathbandans are fighting it out. Each of them are fighting cut throat for each caste, each vote. The state has swung many ways. Mr Modi is popular, Nitish has good image, Paswan has a secure vote base. On other hand Lalu has a secure vote base but is marred by his son's fighting, INC is not getting its favourite seats and Kushwaha who is of same caste as Nitish is no match to him. In the end advantage is with BJP but still opposition cannot be discounted<br />
<br />
<b>Overall</b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzW6i3thrne7iOPeq7Euru4k_e17Sr-lCXRGG8da-Lo4nFgfXHPeXHPSnJbcFaRMWSG7wGUCMX2rtve23FhvF-7a5lceZ9U9yTEn2ECBRF6TedRjNZVSyyJ8hD8u-s-fStxq2HQ6hCgAk/s1600/The+Ganga+Hindi+Heartland.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="192" data-original-width="1577" height="75" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzW6i3thrne7iOPeq7Euru4k_e17Sr-lCXRGG8da-Lo4nFgfXHPeXHPSnJbcFaRMWSG7wGUCMX2rtve23FhvF-7a5lceZ9U9yTEn2ECBRF6TedRjNZVSyyJ8hD8u-s-fStxq2HQ6hCgAk/s640/The+Ganga+Hindi+Heartland.PNG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>BJP dominates but huge loss as clean sweep will not repeated due to alliances. INC remains minor player</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><u>Heart of India</u></span></b><br />
These are two states which BJP lost of INC recently. These states are mostly Bipolar with other players only playing role of a destroyer and cutter of votes. Mr Modi has a great personal appeal in these states<br />
<br />
<b>Madhya Pradesh</b><br />
Even though INC won the state elections, but the advantage is surely with BJP because of personal appeal of Mr Modi. In State elections BJP polled more seats than INC but due to concentration of votes lost in terms of seats. If state elections are super imposed, BJP will win 16 seats.<br />
<br />
<b>Chhattisgarh</b><br />
BJP was routed in this state in state elections. The tribals are clearly not happy with the party. Also INC did everything correct in this state. INC will take majority of seats. However since it is national elections definitely BJP will perform much better than state elections<br />
<br />
<b>Overall</b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDEqMS9H3pG0cWZKZ903W17qWYU1N2AOI6C_fSq9yFd55v_iZ_SYpBGNMWgFFG7DdpX4zkx4AAE6ogAEILsheCHlEAUrB0I94p2XOl5QQsLtDZOtw_it5ECm47klBey56GUtnSw_6R9tU/s1600/Heart+of+India.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="192" data-original-width="584" height="104" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDEqMS9H3pG0cWZKZ903W17qWYU1N2AOI6C_fSq9yFd55v_iZ_SYpBGNMWgFFG7DdpX4zkx4AAE6ogAEILsheCHlEAUrB0I94p2XOl5QQsLtDZOtw_it5ECm47klBey56GUtnSw_6R9tU/s320/Heart+of+India.PNG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>BJP dominates but will lose seats vs 2014</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><u>East Central</u></span></b><br />
This is the region where BJP has spent disproportionate share of it's energy as it feels, it will offset the minor losses it faces in other places. The INC as a major opposition is virtually become a very minor player with BJP taking it's place. However, except for Jharkhand, the regional satraps still continue to dominate and push back BJP here. Here the predictions can go off the track for most, as there are many unknowns<br />
<br />
<b>West Bengal</b><br />
The TMC & BJP are having a fight like cats & dogs with a very toxic campaign on both sides. This has pushed INC & CPM out of mind share but in the process we tend to underestimate their pockets of strength. The BJP like Tripura surely has the ability to surprise and gain a lot of seats here. Will be the state where I will have my eye<br />
<br />
<b>Orrisa</b><br />
The tribal heavy state is dominated by BJD who hopes to repeat the magic again as we have the state elections also going simultaneously. BJP came in very powerfully at 3rd in terms of votes and 2nd in terms of seats. It has improved on that in local elections. Whatever be the case, BJP will have more seats than last time<br />
<br />
<b>Jharkhand</b><br />
This state always has a fractured mandate except last time. This time it will surely return back to it's normal course. The tribals may not back BJP with the strength like they did last time<br />
<br />
<b>Overall</b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-1N8zfbL0SZKZsxLcpZUBRTorexef3vui01lpKoVYpCRRiWCRi97Epd8WbrmBjxVtmah-37pJ6mh80VEd7Wf2m466UuJeysLzrmXcRZAgBWa6vBjyc7OTAIVSNvca5wD5S1LApeSvORk/s1600/East+Central.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="239" data-original-width="1350" height="113" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-1N8zfbL0SZKZsxLcpZUBRTorexef3vui01lpKoVYpCRRiWCRi97Epd8WbrmBjxVtmah-37pJ6mh80VEd7Wf2m466UuJeysLzrmXcRZAgBWa6vBjyc7OTAIVSNvca5wD5S1LApeSvORk/s640/East+Central.PNG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Paradoxical region where BJP gains but doesn't dominate</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>North East</u></b></span><br />
It's a very different region from rest of country. It is highly diverse in terms of states, tribes, insider outsider, religion etc. The tendency has been to be with the national dominant party. BJP has made massive strides in this region but lately due to the citizenship bill lost a large amount of support too. INC has it's pockets of strength but is losing it's grip<br />
<br />
<b>Assam</b><br />
Contributing to more than half the seats, Assam holds the key for North East. BJP managed to dislocate INC both in state & national elections, still has the momentum but will not be able to repeat the performance. INC will try hard to regain the lost ground but will be minorly successful<br />
<br />
<b>Other Sisters</b><br />
I am not ignoring these states like most mainland Indians. Only trying to club them here else this section will drag<br />
<b>Arunachal</b> where BJP took 1 seat last time and then in a mid night coup ensured a defection of all MLAs except the Chief Minister!!! will continue to dominate.<br />
<b>Nagaland</b> has a unique situation where NPF if supporting INC. However the core of NPF has formed NDPP which is supported by BJP and will surely win the election<br />
<b>Manipur </b>will go 1-1 between national parties. BJP having NDPP support and ensuring Kukis are also on its side will take the hills, while INC may dominate the valley<br />
<b>Mizoram </b>will be a easy win for MNF like state elections & so will be the case in <b>Tripura</b> where BJP will repeat it's performance<br />
<b>Meghalaya</b> will return to old guard with INC & NPP likely to be the in the race with advantage with INC. <b>Sikkim</b> will continue to be dominated by SDF<br />
<br />
<b>Overall</b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQiLGiVrzBiWawWNVZx4UQC0CT2IbJ8C3156LqbPeL_rCjft3eSbsA3t4NtheAJ-bUhq_Od9wlTUFmWo0c4GsDlo3MHGo36is4FWpYbzeE3o2UznyrzvJp2aeuEw1CAen1YgsO__ZdBhk/s1600/North+East.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="470" data-original-width="1353" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQiLGiVrzBiWawWNVZx4UQC0CT2IbJ8C3156LqbPeL_rCjft3eSbsA3t4NtheAJ-bUhq_Od9wlTUFmWo0c4GsDlo3MHGo36is4FWpYbzeE3o2UznyrzvJp2aeuEw1CAen1YgsO__ZdBhk/s640/North+East.PNG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Despite losing some seats in Assam, BJP will gain from this region</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b><br /></b>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><u>Industrial West</u></span></b><br />
This is the commercial heart of India and highly urban area is the source of strength of the BJP. The RSS is based out of Nagpur and Mr Modi is from Gujarat. BJP has managed to rule this region and the grip doesn't seem to loosen<br />
<br />
<b>Mahrasthra</b><br />
This is the second biggest state in terms of seats. Last elections BJP along with Shiv Sena (SS) led a complete dominance taking 42 out of 48 seats. It then formed the state government for the first time. Chief Minister Devendra Fadnadvis has managed to do a decent job and been able to make his personal standing. He along with Mr Gadkari both have ensured that the pace of development picks up in Vidharbha and especially Nagpur. The talks of drought are no longer heard in news. The same is true for Marathwada region where the Jalyukt Shivar Yojana has really addressed the watershed problem.<br />
However rural distress in many regions and bickering with Shiv Sena have been dampeners. INC & NC have tried to gather strength, however the previous image of huge corruptions seems to be a huge impediment. On top of that JVA & MIM have made an alliance and standing in all the seats. They will cut the votes of INC & NC and help BJP-SS alliance only<br />
<br />
<b>Gujarat</b><br />
This is the hub of Mr Modi. In state elections at one point it looked like INC will take the state, but better organization skills of BJP along with comments of some INC leader turned the tide and BJP scraped through. However in national elections, the tide surely will be more towards BJP but a clean sweep like last time will not happen. Many local leaders like Mevani, Alpesh Thakor & Hardik Patel also have started to play a role<br />
<br />
<b>Goa</b><br />
This is a state of family bastions who are guided more by interests rather than ideology. Hence BJP managed to form the government even though INC had more seats. However with death of My Parikar things might change for the party and it will be a tough competition<br />
<br />
<b>Overall</b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWB0vwPWtN_XwybGcHZPCh31bvlRe1p6JHRcGC8p8ekUkFC-EyjVpxYYd1TYJ02ScJFxNTd_KYiJXtfOxjBfTXGgKcaq0mNNSboOM3sYJWMlmlpbvh1IfASZrJELWIDsR_DPXi7iMMj3A/s1600/Industrial+West.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="255" data-original-width="774" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWB0vwPWtN_XwybGcHZPCh31bvlRe1p6JHRcGC8p8ekUkFC-EyjVpxYYd1TYJ02ScJFxNTd_KYiJXtfOxjBfTXGgKcaq0mNNSboOM3sYJWMlmlpbvh1IfASZrJELWIDsR_DPXi7iMMj3A/s640/Industrial+West.PNG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>BJP here also remains dominant but will lose seats vs 2014</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Dravidian South</u></b></span><br />
In our mind share filled with Hindi Belt or West, the media, working professionals and Hindi belt always tends to ignore this region. Even during Modi Wave, this region behaved quite differently. Every state has some regional players who play a very important role. On top of everything, this region contributes to a significant number of seats<br />
<br />
<b>Tamil Nadu</b><br />
The biggest state of this region will first time go into polls without 2 stalwarts- Karunanidhi & J Jayalalitha. On top of that, ruling party had some internal differences and Sasikala who was supposed to take over reins of AIADMK was convicted and is in Jail. Stalin also faced some resistance from Alagiri but has been able to overcome.<br />
BJP, ADMK and smaller parties have formed a alliance on one side, while DMK and INC have been able to ink a pact. This converts the competition into a 2 sided contest. Stalin with a cleaner and stable image will surely have an advantage<br />
<br />
<b>Kerala</b><br />
BJP trying hard to make some inroads has developed some pocket of strengths. However at present it will be tough for it to convert that into seats. The UDF & LDF will seems to fight out between each other with LDF having performed better in recent local body elections.<br />
<br />
<b>Karnataka</b><br />
What BJP did to INC in Goa, Manipur & Meghalaya, INC did to it in Karnataka. When no party got a majority, it supported JD(S) with Kumaraswamy as its leader. BJP has been trying hard to scramble back but at present has not had much luck. On top of that INC & JDS have sealed pact for Lok Sabha<br />
However INC & JDS did not have a easy relationship and has lost some support. On top of that JDS draws its support in South Kar while BJP in North, hence the alliance may be of limited use. However like at many places, BJP will not be able to match 2014<br />
<br />
<b>Telangana</b><br />
TRS has being all things correctly politically. It has manged to stay away from both BJP & INC tactically supporting Center to ensure the funds keep flowing. On top of that it has launched some schemes for poor and farmers which has helped it to comeback even more strongly in an earlier called elections. TDP has decided not to contest, while INC & BJP are on no match<br />
<br />
<b>Andhra Pradesh</b><br />
AP faces tough competition between YSRC & TDP. Like in case of TDP power in whole of AP where it did a phenomenal job is Hyderabad but lost in rural hinterland, the same has been the case in new AP with more focus on Amravati. On top of the coffers have been dry and special status not coming has made things even more tough. All the advantage of this will be taken by YSRC. INC & BJP without alliance with TDP will really struggle in this state<br />
<br />
<b>Overall</b><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimdpLqezayj6PmZNOWae8d7Q2Fvrqtj6TmqvFwh_1zlj3ihQQeqCYPRsO4xmpPGS2VqU9qsQSgAumVDpZT0AaY8d_FcuaRCqWG_l9jXY6Xm7mwXzD1zxGMyNvAobS6fPlsFaNS3zEGxUw/s1600/Dravidian+South.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="323" data-original-width="1600" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimdpLqezayj6PmZNOWae8d7Q2Fvrqtj6TmqvFwh_1zlj3ihQQeqCYPRsO4xmpPGS2VqU9qsQSgAumVDpZT0AaY8d_FcuaRCqWG_l9jXY6Xm7mwXzD1zxGMyNvAobS6fPlsFaNS3zEGxUw/s640/Dravidian+South.PNG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>ADMK, TDP come out as biggest losers, while DMK & YSRC as major gainers. National Parties are minor players</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>National Picture</u></b></span><br />
This brings us to national picture on how the Lok Sabha will look like and who will form the next government<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRZFewNst60K7wYaqNEp1TcclNZ_GvWB86HK3nntIti2Va6NPXMRiT8NfODqZemLT_jh0cIkFLJ2QIxi9ZvClSVzc6GHU6rtF0pAISz5v9AFCDb4Vdqc7F0PO93RNwB1epjKd1Jk7iX0A/s1600/Overall+Seats.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="447" data-original-width="617" height="462" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRZFewNst60K7wYaqNEp1TcclNZ_GvWB86HK3nntIti2Va6NPXMRiT8NfODqZemLT_jh0cIkFLJ2QIxi9ZvClSVzc6GHU6rtF0pAISz5v9AFCDb4Vdqc7F0PO93RNwB1epjKd1Jk7iX0A/s640/Overall+Seats.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
BJP will come out as the largest party but will lose over 90 seats vs last time. INC will gain roughly 55 of those seats. However this will result in a hung assembly<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUFgwql83LM5PZagKaNLoSI5wtcHci01EhngYIoCD0_k41Xjj6DJeBsGMFvfAgPKhcV4RE4z5tjC5ZEmRHSndvMJPc4kRIybM71lK92usCivx5USpAkEysFamEa00sE5eMVPqyuXXc6tQ/s1600/Alliance.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="125" data-original-width="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUFgwql83LM5PZagKaNLoSI5wtcHci01EhngYIoCD0_k41Xjj6DJeBsGMFvfAgPKhcV4RE4z5tjC5ZEmRHSndvMJPc4kRIybM71lK92usCivx5USpAkEysFamEa00sE5eMVPqyuXXc6tQ/s1600/Alliance.PNG" /></a></div>
BJP will be near to the majority but leaves us with several possibilities<br />
1. Swing in favour of NDA and as a coalition actually gets 272+ seats<br />
2. BJP gathers support with Mr Modi as PM<br />
3. BJP gathers support with Mr Gadkari as PM being the condition<br />
4. UPA cobbles together the support<br />
5. Third Front with either INC or BJP supporting it<br />
<br />
My guess will be number two option with support coming as follows<br />
NDA(237)+YSR(18)+TRS(13)+TDP(7, on promise of Special Status for AP)+JJP(1) and maybe tactical support from BJP.<br />
<br />
Let's see how much of predictions actually fall through</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-87216744082465595672019-02-17T18:58:00.001+05:302019-02-17T18:58:10.910+05:30How Kashmir movement is losing it<p dir="ltr">India just witnessed it's worst terrorist attack where 42 soldiers were martyred in a suicide bombing. While this has filled whole country with anger, many in valley are celebrating this as a step towards victory.</p>
<p dir="ltr">On the contrary I believe the people of valley have started to lose the narrative. Normally when a region wants additional autonomy or more, there are many ways to do it. One is to gain the sympathy of the major powers which then force them to push the host country to offer concessions. This really accelerates if you have valuable resource or strategic location. This happened with South Sudan which was oil rich and Sudan was anti America.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Second way is to scale up the stakes so much which then forces the host to offer concessions. However in this case usually the area asking for additional rights needs to be of significant size as compared to host. Bangladesh was one such example. Components in Yugoslavia was also similar case.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Third way is when the economy of the host country decays so much that it by itself let's go off the steam</p>
<p dir="ltr">Finally the most sustainable is way is to moral upmanship on people of host country. This is challenging but is a very sustainable way of moving forward. Colonialism, Apartheid movt, East Timor as went this way.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Kashmir at this moment presently has nothing. It has taken path of religious terrorism a worst path to choose rather than ethnic militancy which will never have global sympathy. It's separatist leaders are also religious leaders (Geelani is Jamait Islami, Mirwaiz is a cleric. Only Yaseen Malik belongs to JKLF but has chosen wrong partners). This has lead to even street movements showing Paki or ISIS flags to tease normal Indians. Rather than doing so on the contrary, it reduces sympathy for them. </p>
<p dir="ltr">Now trying to up the game will only bring back more violence which rest of the country will be ok to have. The economy of India will not be majorly affected nor does valley have that size to raise the cost. </p>
<p dir="ltr">This blip of violence will pass. As time moves rest of the country will grow economically while valley lags behind even though due to tourism they could be one of the richest. Then the generation of the time will itself fight the extremists to bring back peace and economic development</p>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-26134230650852045222018-11-07T07:37:00.001+05:302018-11-07T07:37:35.719+05:30Tum Bilkul Hum Jaise Nikale<div align="left"><p dir="ltr">A beautiful poem by Fahmida Riaz, a progressive Pakistani poet on the current situation in India. It was a must share</p><p dir="ltr"><br></p>
<p dir="ltr"><b><i>“Tum bilkul hum jaise nikle</i></b><br>
<i>tum bilkul hum jaisey nikley</i><br>
<i>ab tak kahaN chhupe the bhai</i><br>
<i>voh moorkhta, voh ghaamarpan</i><br>
<i>jis mein hum ne sadi ganwai</i><br>
<i>aakhir pahunchi dwaar tumhaarey</i><br>
<i>arre badhai bohot badhai</i><br>
</p>
</div><p dir="ltr"><br>
</p>
<div align="left"><p dir="ltr"><i>preyt dharam ka naach rahaa hai</i><br>
<i>qayam Hindu raaj karoge?</i><br>
<i>saarey ultey kaaj karogay</i><br>
<i>apna chaman daraaj karogey</i><br>
<i>tum bhee baithey karogey sochaa</i><br>
<i>poori hai waisi tayyari</i><br>
<i>kaun hai Hindu, kaun naheeN hai</i><br>
<i>tum bhi karogay fatwe jaari</i><br>
<i>hoga kathin yahaN bhi jeena</i><br>
<i>raatoN aa jayega paseena</i><br>
<i>jaisi taisi kata karegi</i><br>
<i>yahan bhi sabki saans ghutegi</i><br>
<i>kal dukh se socha karti thi</i><br>
<i>soch ke bohot hansi aaj aee,</i><br>
<i>tum bilkul hum jaise nikle</i><br>
<i>Hum do qaum nahin the bhai!</i><br>
</p>
</div><p dir="ltr"><br>
</p>
<div align="left"><p dir="ltr"><i>bhaar mein jaaye shiksha viksha</i><br>
<i>ab jaahilpan ke gun gaana.</i><br>
<i>aage gadha hai yeh mat dekho</i><br>
<i>wapas laao gaya zamana</i><br>
<i>bhasht karo tum aajayega</i><br>
<i>ulte paaon chalte jaana</i><br>
<i>dhyaan na mann mein dooja aaye</i><br>
<i>bas peeche hi nazar jamana</i><br>
<i>ek jaap saa kartey jao</i><br>
<i>vaaram vaar yahi dohrao</i><br>
<i>kitna veer mahaan tha Bharat</i><br>
<i>kaisa alishaan tha bharat</i><br>
<i>phir tum log pohonch jaogay</i><br>
<i>bas parlok pohonch jaaogay</i><br>
<i>hum toh hain pehle se wahan par</i><br>
<i>tum bhi samay nikalte rehna</i><br>
<i>ab jis nark mein jaao wahan se</i><br>
<i>chitthi vitthi daalte rehna"</i><br>
</p><p dir="ltr"><br></p><p dir="ltr"><i><br></i></p>
</div><p dir="ltr"><br>
</p>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-78908659591924700842018-11-03T22:05:00.001+05:302018-11-03T22:05:10.138+05:30Is Ayodhya Mandir Justified?<p dir="ltr">6 Dec on my 9th Birthday, there was a Masjid in India that was being demolished. It led to series of riots. It also led to many Mandirs being demolished in our Islamic neighborhood. The year was 1992.</p>
<p dir="ltr">The case is now in now in courts and everytime near the elections the issue always makes a comeback. It is fierselly debated but not much has moved. It surely makes everyone wonder if we will ever have a closure on the issue.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Going into the background, it is alleged that there was a temple in Ayodhya, the birth place of Shri Ram. Then in 1526 the Central Asian Turk Babar invaded India. After failed to defend or establish his rule in central Asia, he tried his luck in India and replaced the Afghan rulers. He never liked India as written in Baburnama where he called it a hot place of Dark ugly people. To show his stamp of rule more due to political reasons he is alleged to have built a Mosque over the sacred place of Mandir. This is the issue.</p>
<p dir="ltr">To start with, critics allege that Ramayana is a mythological story. Then there is a point that there surely was a Masjid that everyone has seen but no Mandir. And there are such many more arguments. </p>
<p dir="ltr">As per my personal opinion, yes Ramayana cannot be taken as a historical document, but it surely represented the essence of India. Centuries of compilations show that contributors were aware of the north south axis of India. The locations in the scripture bear a strong imprint of the geography. In my personal opinion there was a prince in Ayodhya who had a major kingdom (Not over whole of India) and must have been very popular. From his story must have been a starting point of Ramayana.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Overall whatever be the case, Hindus all over India, Nepal and the world have always known what Ayodhya is. It leaves to any doubts that whatever be the history, the location is sacred to Hindu's. </p>
<p dir="ltr">Also the location bears no historical importance to Muslims. However how it is important to Islamists (I am intentionally using Muslim and Islamists differently). As they used it for demanding Pakistan, how they oppose Uniform Civil Code, triple talaq etc, Ayodhya represents notional Islamic domination over India. It represents the feeling we have a Mosque over Ayodhya, while you cannot enter Mecca. </p>
<p dir="ltr">If a Mandir comes up there, people who could not accept democratic rule calling it Hindu rule and then collaborated with British to form Pakistan, see it as a major loss. </p>
<p dir="ltr">Hence while it might be religious for majority, for me Ram Mandir will represent a victory against one of the most regressive mindset of the world and will bring closure to a major issue which forces Hindu's to feel lesser in their majority country. </p>
<p dir="ltr">While I am a secular person, dead against RSS and Stupsanghi supporters, this issue rings a bell in me. It reminds me how I feel at sight of Harmandir Sahib (Not Golden Temple) being shattered by this Hinduist rule of 1984. Let's hope for a rightful closure at the earliest.</p>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-85537954700547660102018-10-27T14:33:00.001+05:302018-10-27T14:58:08.130+05:30Attack on CBI - One more institution<p dir="ltr">In an early morning coup like attack, the Modi govt attacked the premium investigating agency. Though this is not the first institution that this govt sought to undermine, nor was it surprising, but the effects of it will be long lasting</p>
<p dir="ltr">The CBI director is chosen by a collegium of PM, CJI of Supreme Court and Leader of opposition. He or she has a fixed tenure of 2 years and can be removed by the same collegium. The government tried to bend the rules by sending him on leave on flimsy grounds. If the government is successful, it will have created a path to threaten and intimidate the future director and can easily use CBI as a political tool (Although even now CBI is somewhat used, but in future that discreteness will all be gone)</p>
<p dir="ltr">This is not the first institution government has undermined. Supreme Court is alleged to be soft on Amit Shah via previous CJ. It is alleged to send his case to favourable judges. This along with pressure helped him escape from many cases. When government has taken oath, it did not appoint CVC and CIC. If CIC and other Information Commissioner are not there, it leads to lag in RTI appeals and government can avoid the transparency. It further tried to tone down power of CIC but due to severe opposition, has at present put it on hold. </p>
<p dir="ltr">Similarly, if CVC i.e. the Vigilance Commissioner is not there, then it will affect the probe of corruption. If there is not probe, then all the charges can simply be knocked off</p>
<p dir="ltr">Another notable action is not to appoint anyone in statistical organisation wherein you stop information like employment figure, growth rate of unorganized sector etc. Without such information, you can easily use propaganda to claim that mudra is creating jobs, more pf accounts that can never be accurate reflection. </p>
<p dir="ltr">The list can go on and on. People many times ask me if not Modi then whom. To such Stupsanghis, any answer can never satisfy them. To those who have logic over emotions, I will say a great nation is formed due to its great institutions which are transparent, accountable and work within their defined jobs. A myopia of a strong leader who undermines institutions, is infact strong to safeguard his power and cause permanent damage which people realize after damage has been done</p>
<p dir="ltr">We need to oppose the move. I hope SC saves this institution but we have to remember if this is way this government will keep going, 2019 may be our last chance for course correction. May the right in us help us.</p>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-9754057524175038902013-12-16T22:59:00.000+05:302013-12-16T22:59:04.946+05:30The Great Game of Baluchistan<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
In the remotest corner of Pakistan there is a conflict going on, a conflict where people are fighting for their Independence, a conflict which has involved Asian powers like China and India, a conflict which may soon involve the World Power of USA, a conflict which can fit into many of the global power games, this region which in history was a empty corner will now become the center of the great game, this area is the region of Baluchistan located in the western part of Pakistan, Southern Afghanistan and South Eastern Iran.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2QhB1mUb6Lz2axmrwne81pm4ZKmpwXYvCv1qppVsOdgWqdI6oJncEQN-3POMVGGth3N-YKGN2me1ibS9iU8sXbjb_qgzfl-D6bO-k77zF3-TwLRnhNepAdfpslCSVIby5vBgSGmmOvqo/s1600/Pakistan+Iran+Afghanistan+Baluchistan+Map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="195" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2QhB1mUb6Lz2axmrwne81pm4ZKmpwXYvCv1qppVsOdgWqdI6oJncEQN-3POMVGGth3N-YKGN2me1ibS9iU8sXbjb_qgzfl-D6bO-k77zF3-TwLRnhNepAdfpslCSVIby5vBgSGmmOvqo/s640/Pakistan+Iran+Afghanistan+Baluchistan+Map.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Baluchistan and it's strategic location. It is spread around 3 countries presently</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
The history of this region is as old as this region. The first proof of wheat being grown was found in Mehrgarh located in Baluchistan. The Baluch like the Pashtun have been fiercely independent people. The British realizing this fact did not try to capture the area but rather ruled them through the Khan of Kalat and various Sardars just directly ruling a area between Baluchistan and Afghanistan cutting the latter's access to sea. Even before the British in the power struggle between Indian, Persian and then later Afghan rulers this area was a buffer between various kingdom of these areas. This area which is one of the most barren regions did not have the return of investment to capture and every kingdom was happy to keep it as their buffer.<br />
<br />
However things changed when the British left India. The rulers of Baluchistan site historical references to prove that they were recognized as <i>de jure</i> independent by the British like Nepal. In the confusing times that were prevalent the Pakistani's finally captured Baluchistan in 1948. Pakistan was always skeptic of India and the Kashmir conflict immediately after Independence created a narrative in Pakistan that they are a thin strip of plain land which needs Baluchistan and Afghanistan as it's strategic depth in times of a attach from it's eastern neighbour. The discovery of various minerals, oil and gas has made this land even more valuable for it.<br />
<br />
Due to these reasons Baluchistan is too valuable for Pakistan. It will try to keep it at any cost. It has been suppressing the freedom movements in Baluchistan very violently. There is virtually a martial rule in this state. Pakistan has also kept Baluchistan province with a lot of Pashtun population areas. It serves twin objectives. Firstly it has ensured that the Baluch are a minority in it's own province. Secondly it also ensures that the Pashtun in Pakistan are divided between the province of Khyber Pakthunwa, Baluchistan and FATA. This also helps it to address the Pashtunistan movement that may emerge in it's other eastern province.The province is now also critical for Pakistan as it's second deep sea port has been built at Gwadar, which relieves it from a situation it faced in previous wars where it's only port of Karachi was blocked by Indian Navy. Hence in this great game whatever be the aspirations of the people of Baluchistan, Pakistan will never let it go and use it's last of resources. Losing this state might be the end of this nation and it knows that.<br />
<br />
The Chinese have also made huge investments in this province. The Chinese are hungry for minerals due to the huge demand back at home. Also China wants to secure it's oil supply routes and Gwadar forms a key port in its string of pearls which it is creating in Indian Ocean to secure it's routes. It has made huge investments in Gwadar. Also Chinese are also creating a Road, Rail line and a Pipeline through Pakistan linking Western China. These all lines meet the warm water of Indian ocean at Gwadar. As already stated Pakistan losing Baluchistan might mean the end of Pakistan and which is the last thing China wants. Pakistan is virtually a military and transit country for them and would preserve it at any cost. Hence an Independent Baluchistan will be as seriously defended by China as it would defend North Korea<br />
<br />
The third big player in this game is India. India has it's eye of vast oil resources in Central Asia, Afghanistan. It also wants to trade with these countries. Till now it's access has been blocked by Pakistan. It does not trust Pakistan and hence cancelled it's share from the Iran-Pakistan-India Pipeline. Also India would ultimately like Pakistan to be broken into 4 to 6 countries. This will ensure that all the threats from the neighbourhood are removed and then can focus it's energies on development and tackling China a large part of it which now it has to divert on defense and terrorism. It is also playing limited role in supporting the Baluch insurgency from it's consulates in Afghanistan. A free Baluchistan will help India in addressing both it's enemy neighbours of Pakistan and China. It will give a serious dent to Chinese plans using Pakistan and again would have to depend on routes from Indian Ocean which India can tackle if it requires.<br />
<br />
USA is a new entrant in this great game. It has just started to enter into it and it's role is presently like a jelly which will take its shape as the time passes and certain confusions are cleared out. USA wants to stay in Afghanistan via it's bases for a long term. It has its eye on the vast resources in Central Asia and would like to challenge the dependency of these nations of Russia. It also wants to stop the access of Russia to the warm waters. However to fulfill this aim it has to depend on a unstable Pakistan, a country where the hate of for USA is growing day by day. For maintaining access to Afghanistan the only choice present for USA is through Afghanistan with other routes either too costly or are closed for it. A free Baluchistan will give direct access to Afghanistan and Central Asia. Sitting in Baluchistan it can also put pressure on Iran and take decisive action if required. It also gives it a chance to create Baluch Insurgency in the Iranian Baluch area and create instability in Iran. However USA cannot directly go for proclaiming an Independent Baluchistan. It needs Pakistan to counter upcoming countries of India and China too. USA is playing a murky game where presently the Baluchistan card will be used to counter Pakistan and put it in line. However going by the conditions in this unstable country it will be no surprise that USA might dump it if it finds the right condition and create an Independent Baluchistan<br />
<br />
Iran would be another country which would oppose Baluchistan. It's Baluch area are located strategically over the strait of Hormuz, and over Indian Ocean the route from where trade of Suez Canal passes. This is of immense strategic interest which it will not lose at any cost. It has been encouraging India to build the Chah Bahar port in it's Baluch area hoping that this would help it get the trade of Afghanistan and Central Asia and create some development in it's least developed region which will help it quell the insurgency going on there.<br />
<br />
Afghanistan would overall want an Independent Baluchistan. A much more ideal situation for them would be to merge this country in "Greater Pashtunistan" no longer making it landlocked. Many Pashtun take Baluch as Pashtuns only but it is too much wishful thinking by them. Overall Afghanistan wants to remove it's dependency on Pakistan and this would be the way. However they might not be happy to lose some areas to Baluchistan even if these are one of the most barren areas.<br />
<br />
Central Asia presently is very neutral to this. If it helps to create peace in Afghanistan and open the land routes they would be more than willing to support it. However most of these countries are in so state presently to dictate any terms and would be mere spectators.<br />
<br />
Baluchistan if free would make one of the most sort after country which can change the fortune of it's people and turn it into another Saudi Arabia. It would be a country which would be very rich in Oil, Gas and Minerals having a very small population. It would be a country sitting on the 2 biggest trade route and with Asia becoming the future it could become the heart of it. It is a country which formed can turn out to create all right conditions for some countries and misery for some other.<br />
<br />
It is hence to no surprise that the "Great Game of Baluchistan" has begun and it will be very intensely fought. Which way it tilts will decide which way the power of the world tilts. </div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-36148239314562176052013-11-11T00:04:00.000+05:302013-11-11T00:04:01.445+05:30The hidden time bomb in neighbourhood:- Population Explosion in Pakistan<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">In India we always have though population explosion in Bangladesh and their illegal immigration is a big issue. We cannot be wrong in this. On the other side Pakistan is a much bigger issue in terms of Population. Bangladesh infact is doing very good in population control and even better than India. People talk about demographic dividend but for that countries need to form a
base which Pakistan is badly failing to form that base. In such a case like many Sub Saharan countries it is leading to the opposite of
Demographic Curse. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pakistan surely is lagging on key factors and I
would like to highlight the same through comparison with India and BD</span> Why these 2 countries because all 3 were part of British
India so basically a comparison will have context</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Country
1951 Pop 2011
Pop Growth</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pak
37M
193M <b><span style="color: red;">5.21 Times</span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ind
370M
1210M 3.27
Times</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">BD
44M
142M
3.22 Times</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">TOTAL
FERTILITY RATE </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">(Total
Children a Woman has in her life)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pak:- <b><span style="color: red;">3.3</span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ind:-
2.55</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">BD:- 2.2</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Annual
Population Growth Rate</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pak:- <b><span style="color: #ff4d4d;">2.71% </span></b><span style="color: black;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ind:-
1.58%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">BD:-
1.67%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Population
Density based on Arable Area</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Arable
Area is the area in the country which can be productively used for Agriculture
and other activities. For Eg area of Baluchistan or Rajasthan cannot be used in
general besides few areas.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pak:- 962</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ind:- 833</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">BD:- <b><span style="color: #ff4d4d;">1946 </span></b><span style="color: black;">(But BD has one
of the most fertile areas which gives 2.5 Crops per year as compared to 1.5
Crops in Ind and Pak, so the in equivalent terms this reduces to </span></span><b><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 24.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">1167</span></b><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"> </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Median
Age</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pak:-<b><span style="color: #ff4d4d;">21.2</span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ind:-25.9</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">BD:-23.5</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Literacy
Rate</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pak:- <b><span style="color: red;">57%</span></b> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">(Pakistan
has not switched to international definition of a person being literate if he
can read and write a short para to be literate while both Ind and BD have. In
Pak if a person can sign his name he is considered as literate. Hence the real
literacy rates are though to be even lower but a certain number cannot be given)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ind:-74%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">BD:-78.8%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">School
Enrollment Rate</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pak:- <b><span style="color: red;">72%</span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ind:- 99%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">BD:- 96%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Per
Capita GDP (PPP)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pak:-2891$</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ind:-
3876$</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">BD:-<b><span style="color: red;">1883$</span></b></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">GDP
Growth Rate (2009-13, CAGR)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pak:-<b><span style="color: red;">3.1%</span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ind:-
7.0%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">BD:- 6.2%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Poverty
1992</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">
<b>2010</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Pak
30.6% <b><span style="color: #80ff00;">28.0%</span></b> (WB estimates this as Govt has not
released fig since 2002)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">Ind
45.0% 29.2%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">BD
56.6% 31.0%</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">There are
many definitions. I am taking as per World Bank Site 1.25$ PPP Definition</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">So as
seen from these pts </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">1.
Pakistan's population is growing at an Alarming pace much faster than Ind or BD
(SL etc are even slower)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">2.
Pakistan is not sending it's children to school while both Ind and BD are doing
a good job. This means though population is growing faster many more
illiterates are being added in Pak which is not the case in Ind.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">3. The
GDP growth rates have not been growing to keep pace with population growth</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">4. Due to
good GDP growth rates Ind and BD have been able to lift huge population out of
poverty while Pakistan has been quite slow in the process</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">5.
Pakistan has the youngest population which is least literate and hence in the
worse position as compared to Ind and Pak to take advantage of the demographic
dividend.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">6. If
population grows at the same pace it will put pressure on the land and it may
surpass BD in the density/arable land (In equivalent terms)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">My
personal view is Pakistan is in a very critical situation and if something is
not done it will be too late. Another worrying point is that if I compare
Afghanistan with Pak on same numbers Afg is worse off. So Pak itself is in a
crisis situation and it may have to bear Afghanistan which can increase load on
it even earlier. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN;">For the
numbers I have tried to use many sources to come on the least controversial
numbers. These include WB site, UNICEF site, Wikipedia. </span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-48873133543988169872013-07-31T00:45:00.000+05:302014-02-08T22:24:58.384+05:30Need for more States in India<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghb9-gYVKijIawNA9VIZ45uOqQnofQul62UThnmj8FNmT2x1wZWh-jlvBzvnAhMPDUmh-A-4nQDHduflNbZI1LFmTcAjz3lu8PfjbyfketMXcX0LY7K339emF-UPjb7AvzGamYaLmw8Qw/s1600/India+States+Map+-+Final.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a></div>
In the previous articles we covered the topics as follows (Click on the topic to go to the article). It is recommended to read the 3 articles before reading this article.<br />
PART 1:- <a href="http://theworldviewbyjashan.blogspot.in/2013/05/need-for-more-states-factors-behind.html" target="_blank">Need for more states: Factors behind Development</a><br />
PART 2:- <a href="http://theworldviewbyjashan.blogspot.in/2013/05/need-for-more-states-myths-in-making.html" target="_blank">Myths in making new states</a><br />
PART 3:- <a href="http://theworldviewbyjashan.blogspot.in/2013/06/need-for-more-states-concerns-and.html" target="_blank">Concerns and Issues that need to be addressed</a><br />
<br />
As discussed in previous articles, 3 factors are essential in deciding how many & which new states are formed. These factors are<br />
1. Homogeneity of the population<br />
2. Population Range with no of MP's varying between 5 to 23<br />
3. Area of state should between 35000 to 105000 Sq Km<br />
<br />
Why these 3 factors have been defined in detail in the first article. As we can see in the picture which is being shared again, the states which are green in all 3 factors have a better chance to progress than states which are in the red in all areas as can be seen below.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia8PWOlAmd0Up9Q-0TaYLed4hVG0Q6hcGDUdwNgMclV5rf9VNyhk2tNdZq9k_5Vzx-Psb7t6A_Z7iya98lhxzUThIyQ8D1fEkztyjuY5aPPc1n9IQ8j48wIUpLg8lSKmgfJtGg_swNY5w/s1600/India+States+Comparision.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia8PWOlAmd0Up9Q-0TaYLed4hVG0Q6hcGDUdwNgMclV5rf9VNyhk2tNdZq9k_5Vzx-Psb7t6A_Z7iya98lhxzUThIyQ8D1fEkztyjuY5aPPc1n9IQ8j48wIUpLg8lSKmgfJtGg_swNY5w/s640/India+States+Comparision.jpg" height="632" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">States with 3 pts are doing good or are likely to join there very soon, while states with no green mostly lie in Bad zones or have areas in the state which lie in the bad zone</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
So based on the above 3 factors and also on present demand for states, unique cultures in the country, the map below defines how new states need to be formed. Most of these states have been formed to ensure that they are homogeneous in Culture, have Population and Area in the Manageable zone. However in some places to be specific case of Tulu Nadu & Bodoland the cultures are so different from home state, plus they are have distinct geographical area which is mostly hilly, the choice is either a state of UT. In case of Bodoland it would mean a UT bigger than most states in the region and hence not recommended, while Tulu Nadu is a state forming areas of 2 cultures- Tulu's & Kodagu, hence dropping a absolute rigidity on 3 factor formula, forming these states is advisable. <br />
<br />
We will now go into each of the new states and define the reason for it's formation and territories it incorporates, no of MP's and geographical and demographic details<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-TYvibl8Oy1e-0lEdzb2wPbCVucbUyQmSM7HcUrzb-7tmxZFbD7DsOgbM3mIL9o4-vPou56e582hRIq80aCWIDYuVp2tR5RuD6GqI-evWY2igQq_F8OEUPl8SsiviMdXylTPx2gEs0U8/s1600/India+States+Map+-+Final.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-TYvibl8Oy1e-0lEdzb2wPbCVucbUyQmSM7HcUrzb-7tmxZFbD7DsOgbM3mIL9o4-vPou56e582hRIq80aCWIDYuVp2tR5RuD6GqI-evWY2igQq_F8OEUPl8SsiviMdXylTPx2gEs0U8/s640/India+States+Map+-+Final.jpg" height="640" width="536" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This is how India should look like.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<u><b>NEW STATES</b></u><br />
<span style="color: red;"><b>1. <u>Harit Pradesh</u></b></span><br />
Capital:- Meerut<br />
Major Cities:- Ghaziabad, Noida, Barielly <br />
Present Status:- Part of UP, 17 out of 74 Districts<br />
Area:- 48767 Sq Km<br />
MP's:-19<br />
<br />
UP is the humungous states that is a perfect representation of mis-governance. Despite having the largest population and almost all PM's of India from UP, the state still remains one of the most backward state of India. Such huge is the state that it was after 60 years Mayawati was the first CM to complete it's term. The state is highly heterogeneous and completely unmanageable.<br />
Harit Pradesh represents the northern part of UP, consists of the fertile lands. Harit means green and it signifies the importance of farming in this region. This region has major Jat, Gurjar and Muslim populations who are completely different from the population of Central and Eastern UP.<br />
The state would absolutely be able to quickly get on it's feet. The region is a major producer of Wheat, Rice, Sugarcane and many other agriculture products. The major rivers of Ganga & Yamuna flow from this region and the present meager canal system can be extended and an effective canal system similar to Punjab & Haryana can be easily developed, as the profile of the land is similar.<br />
The State borders the Delhi region and there is a large amount of Industry and Software sector in Noida, Ghaziabad & Meerut belt.<br />
With an effective management and good governance the industry can easily be expanded and proximity to national capital will be an added advantage<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>2. <span style="color: red;"><u>Braj Pradesh</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Agra<br />
Major Cities:- Gwalior, Mathura <br />
Present Status:- Part of UP (8 out of 74 Districts), Rajasthan (2 out of 33 Districts), MP (4 out of 50 Districts)<br />
Area:- 52076 Sq Km<br />
MP's:-11<br />
<br />
This state will integrate the Braj areas spread across 3 states of UP, MP and Rajasthan.<br />
The state has huge potential for Tourism sector. The state has Agra in
it, besides holy city of Mathura and some other historical and religious
places in it. It has also wild life sanctuary at Bharatpur and famous historic city of Gwalior.<br />
There are some industries like leather in Agra and some Industry in Gwalior also but overall the areas has lacked in Industrial development. The area due to it's proximity to both markets and source of raw materials can be a huge magnet for Industry if managed well<br />
The state also has got fertile lands across the region. There are many rivers like Yamuna, Chambal, Sambhar flowing through the state. It can set an effective irrigation network in the state improving the agricultural productivity by leaps and bounds.<br />
With such huge potential in area, it just needs to be
effectively managed. This state would have great potential <br />
<br />
<b>3. <u><span style="color: red;">Awadh</span></u></b><br />
Capital:-Lucknow<br />
Major Cities:- Allahabad, Kanpur, <br />
Present Status:- Part of UP, 25 out of 74 Districts<br />
Area:- 88635 Sq Km<br />
MP's:- 29<br />
<br />
Awadh was one of the most progressive area during the Mughal times, which was later ruled by Nawab's before the British who were luring for it took over the at the right time. The state would be formed from UP, after the areas of Harit Pradesh, Purvanchal, Bundelkhand & Baghelkhand have be taken out of it. The region has a distinct Awadhi culture, and a separate state would unlock huge potential. <br />
The state would definitely have Agriculture as it's main strength. Ganga, Yamuna, Ghaghra, Gomti Rivers flowing through the state. This region at present does not have a good canal system, though a large potential is present. Developing the canal system would really unlock a huge potential in Agriculture. The region has a huge potential to expand in Wheat, Rice, Sugarcane and many more agriculture products.<br />
Secondly this region has got huge potential for Tourism. Allahabad, the Prayag of Ganga and Yamuna lies in this state, Ayodhya, Srasvati also lies here. Along the Nepal border there are forest like the Dudwa Tiger Reserve. Investing in infrastructure for tourism in these cities, which presently is very backward can really give employment to a large section of Population<br />
There is also some Industry present in Kanpur, Lucknow area, besides some small cottage Industries spread across the region. Development of irrigation which would enhance the agriculture output will give a boost to Agro industry. The Area lies on both Eastern and Western Industrial corridor of India, and right policies and infrastructure coupled with cheap labor present in the state will be a huge plus point for the state. Also the position of the state makes it near to both the East and West coasts.<br />
The State would closely need to work with Nepal in managing the Hydroelectric & Irrigation projects.<br />
<br />
<b>4. <u><span style="color: red;">Purvanchal</span></u></b><br />
Capital:-Varanasi<br />
Major Cities:- Gorakhpur<br />
Present Status:- Part of UP, 16 out of 74 Districts<br />
Area:- 44901 Sq Km<br />
MP's:- 19<br />
<br />
This state consists of the eastern Bhojpuri speaking area of UP. The Bhojpuri culture is different from the Jat dominated Harit Region and Awadhi Central UP and demand for a separate Bhojpuri state has always been in forefront.<br />
Like the previous 2 states again Agriculture obviously remains an Important area for the state. Like Awadh it would need to develop an Irrigation system with rivers like Ganga, Ghaghra flowing through the state. The state is known to have very fertile areas<br />
Tourism specially religious tourism would be another major area in the Holy City of Varanasi. Varanasi as the new capital of the state would develop the infrastructure and this should help the tourism. As the major Industry in the region is based around Varanasi itself, it also would be vary much benefited by it becoming the Capital. Again like above 2 states and effective irrigation and stabilization of agriculture would be a big boost for Industry also. <br />
Varanasi presently is quite a backward city and it's development would lead development of the state with Varanasi as the Focal Point of development which can never happen if it remains a part of UP<br />
<br />
<b>5. <u><span style="color: red;">Bundelkhand</span></u></b><br />
Capital:-Jhansi<br />
Major Cities:- Sagar<br />
Present Status:- Part of UP (6 out of 74 Districts) & MP (7 out of 50 Districts)<br />
Area:- 77632 Sq Km<br />
MP's:- 10<br />
<br />
UP & MP are backward states part of BIMARU states. Bundelkhand area is the backward area of these BIMARU States!!!! Imagine what is backward of backward, as you imagined it would be worse than Africa. Jhansi, Gwalior were major cities during the 1800's and now these are nowhere to be heard.<br />
The demand for Bundelkhand has been a very old one with Bundeli's divided across 2 backward states of India. Creating an separate state would have many advantages for the people.<br />
First with the dusty city of Jhansi coming out as capital would greatly benefit the state. The Development of Jhansi would serve as a focal point of development of this extremely backward region. With infrastructure like Airport, Highways would help the struggling Industry in Jhansi and give it a major boost. This would also help the state to maximize the few minerals it has like Bauxite.<br />
Agriculture and Irrigation perhaps would be a major focus area. Three major rivers of Betwa & Sind flow through the state. At present the potential has been neglected by MP & UP as any irrigation project would require coordination amongst both the states. The state with initial loans can develop and excellent not only irrigation but Hydro Electric potential which can also help the struggling Industry<br />
Tourism also is a major area for the state which can greatly be expanded. The State will have historic city of Jhansi, however the major draw-card is the World Famous caves of Khujaraho & the famous Panna Wildlife Sanctuary famous for it's tigers. With such historic places, and right infrastructure the state has huge potential to take it's millions of people out of poverty. <br />
<br />
<b>6. <u><span style="color: red;">Baghelkhand</span></u></b><br />
Capital:-Satna<br />
Major Cities:- Rewa<br />
Present Status:- Part of UP (2 out of 74 Districts) & MP (7 out of 50 Districts)<br />
Area:- 57715 Sq Km<br />
MP's:-5<br />
<br />
Again like Bundelkhand, Baghelkhand is the second backward region of backward states of MP and UP. The state has a distinct Bagheli culture and dialect of language which is different from both UP & MP Cultures. The region has a very high percentage of rural population which means a very low development in the region. Satna was the old capital of Baghelkhand region during the British times before it was broken and merged in UP & MP and starting the sad saga for the people.<br />
The state has Hydroelectric potential with Son and it's various tributaries flowing through the state, which can also be used for irrigation projects. There is just one project on Rihand and perhaps it can be expanded on main rivers Son and other tributaries. <br />
Besides Irrigation, nature tourism is also a major potential for the states, which presently lacks due to bad state of infrastructure. Upgradation of Airport at Satna making it ready for bigger aircraft can open gates for various national parks like the Bandhavgarh and Chandraprabha in the State. Finally the state also have got mineral resources like limestone, Iron ore and has potential for other resources. <br />
This state would definitely be required to be declared a backward state and central assistance for few years would be a must. Once it is done then the state has a potential not to look back<br />
<br />
<b>7. <u><span style="color: red;">Mahokoshal</span></u></b><br />
Capital:-Jabalpur<br />
Major Cities:-Hoshangabad<br />
Present Status:- Part of MP (10 out of 50 Districts)<br />
Area:- 75065 Sq Km<br />
MP's:-5<br />
<br />
Mahakoshal lies to the South of MP with Jabalpur Division along with Betul, Hoshangabad & Dindori District forming the state. The area has high population of Tribals, specially Gonds and along with it a high percentage of Marathi Population. Along with Hindi, Gondi (A Dravidian Language) and Marathi are the major language of the state, which makes the culture very different from rest of MP and it is due to this reason this area has been neglected by the state<br />
This state would have high percentage of forest with many major rivers starting from the state. The state would have a huge potential from Nature Tourism with many of the beautiful sights located in the states, which have not been exploited, besides load of National Parks that would contain the highest percentage of Tigers in the country. Hydroelectric potential would be another area with state can easily become a electricity surplus state in the region. The state is also very rich in minerals including iron ore, Mangnese, Bauxite & Copper. Sustainable development for exploring these minerals balancing it with tribal and forest will bring great progress to the state. A focus can surely be development for maximizing the effort. <br />
With many tribal area would have to been brought into the schedule 5 of the constitution like it is the case in North East States, which would help it to overcome Naxalism as presently many areas are affected by the same<br />
With Jabalpur developing as a city would act as focal point to make the development reach the interiors however devolution to the power to tribal plus they will have more say in the state (If they have 40% Population of state, no politician can ignore them) will address many of the issues of the state. <br />
<b><span style="color: red;"> </span> </b><br />
<b>8. <u><span style="color: red;">Maru Pradesh</span></u></b><br />
Capital:-Jodhpur<br />
Major Cities:-Bikaner, Jaiselmer<br />
Present Status:- Part of Rajasthan (11 out of 33 Districts)<br />
Area:- 196359 Sq Km<br />
MP's:-9<br />
<br />
The western part of Rajasthan have always complained that they are not in the focus and whole money of state goes towards the Eastern Part. The present state of Rajasthan has the Aravali range dividing the state in 2 parts. The area towards the east is more progressive and comparatively more greener. These areas are also very different as per geography because the desert of the state lies in the Western Region<br />
Rajasthan as a state is the biggest in area in country even though the population is in the manageable range. This huge areas causes the far flung area to be ignored. Some of the districts are so huge that they would be bigger in area than many of the smaller NE states combines. Also most of the state policies are made on the basis of geography of the eastern part which further makes the western part lose out. Further being near the border the government simply ignores these regions<br />
It is due to these reasons that people of West Parts have been demanding a separate state by the name of Maru Pradesh. The region would have a huge potential for tourism. Historic forts at Jodhpur, Jaiselmer, Bikaner, Nagaur, Jalore are present in the state. Then the state has got the famous dunes at Jaiselmer. Desert National Park is also located in the state. This is the same area where Cheetah's are proposed to be introduced. Creating new airports at Jaiselmer, Bikaner and Expanding the present airport at Jodhpur will give the first important kick to tourism. <br />
The state also has got minerals. Petroleum and Gas have been struck near Jaiselmer & Barmer which has a bigger potential in future. Tungsten, Kaolin (Alloy of Aluminium), Gypsum, Clay, and world famous Marble of Makrana region are in the state. Mineral extraction and associated industry have a potential in the state. Also the state has a huge potential in environment friendly electricity production from Solar and Wind energy. A right policy along with Carbon Credit will be of great value<br />
The districts of Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Bikaner, Jaiselmer have canal irrigation in them and a develop irrigation system for the state. The state would have to employ advanced desert techniques like Rain Water Harvesting, Drip Irrigation. As it is said, necessity is the mother of invention, hence here is the need and surely the government would have high focus to implement desert techniques which Rajasthan government would not want to invest<br />
Overall the state has got high potential, but is bigger than the required norm of area and it would be a challenge to overcome, rest all is positive for the state. <br />
<br />
<b>9. <u><span style="color: red;">Mithila</span></u></b><br />
Capital:-Darbhanga<br />
Major Cities:-Muzaffarpur, Begusarai<br />
Present Status:- Part of Bihar (14 out of 38 Districts)<br />
Area:- 38087 Sq Km<br />
MP's:-17<br />
<br />
The demand for Mithila comprises of Maithali speaking areas of Bihar and Jharkhand. It has a distinct culture and low levels of development. This can be seen from the fact that no major city in the region has a population of 5 lakhs. The area also has a very high density of over 1000/Sqkm. The Mithila would compromise of a population of over 8 Crores (29 MP's). It will still be out of effective management zone (read Part 1 of Blog) and would be the case of breaking one huge state to form another one. It will never be justified and development can still not be achieved. Hence Mithila as a state should be broken into 2 parts for effective management which are Mithila and South Mithila. If we can have several Hindi or Marathi or Telugu speaking states, similarly 2 Maithali states should also be formed otherwise the purpose would be lost. <br />
Mithila would be primarily a rural agriculture based state. It produces all the major food crops like Wheat, Rice & Pulses and also many fruits in the region. Being a separate state the state should immediately focus on building a effective canal network as many rivers like Gandhak and tributaries of Gandhak & Kosi. The Canal system would be a game changer for the state. The state would need to work with Nepal to ensure that flooding can be controlled.<br />
As already mentioned there are no major cities in the region which means that region is away from any development focal point. Hence when the state would be formed and investment in the capital of Darbhanga would act as trigger. Expanding the Transport in state and airport in capital and obviously the right governance can bring in industry in the state lured by the cheap labor.<br />
The state has almost negligible mineral resources except few deposits of Mica. Hence in the end like the states of Punjab and Haryana, agriculture would be the backbone of the right and developing agriculture. The Industry would have to be developed on Agro products like Sugarcane, Jute, A effective irrigation system would give a boost to Industry also as the rich soil will be source to very high amount of produce.<br />
The Central government would have to start with declaring special status for the state. The central aid would be much more effective as at present the aid to Bihar is divided in 40 MP's and population cannot keep a track, while here we would have just 17 MP's and an area of about 37000 sq km, for which the state government would have to be much more accountable. <br />
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<b>10. <u><span style="color: red;">South Mithila</span></u></b><br />
Capital:-Deoghar<br />
Major Cities:-Bhagalpur<br />
Present Status:- Part of Bihar (11 out of 38 Districts), Jharkhand (5 out of 20 Districts)<br />
Area:- 38318 Sq Km<br />
MP's:-12<br />
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As mentioned above it is the second part of the present demand of Mithila state broken down due to administrative effectiveness.The problems faced by this state are quite similar to Mithila. There are no major cities, high rural population, less developed irrigation network, very high density.<br />
Forming South Mithila like Mithila will also be a agriculture based state but there are definitely large amount of minerals which can be explored. The state would have to develop irrigation from major river of Ganga, Kosi and various other tributaries. The state would also have potential for hydroelectric projects in the southern parts of the state.<br />
The state has got some industry around city of Bhagalpur mainly silk industry. The state has decent levels of deposits of Coal, Mica, Bauxite. As the mineral rich districts of Jharkhand & Koshal & Orrisa are near and with state's electricity & coal, a large industrial base can be developed. Developing infrastructure in state would give it a major boost. The state has proven reserves of Coal which can be used in various industries however, the Agro Industry would be the key and needs to be developed. Being near to port of Kolkata would be of huge advantage to the state.<br />
When the capital of Deoghar would be developed like much needed Airport, it will act as focal point for development for the region. Like Mithila, South Mithila would also be required to be special status state and just explained above the central government aid can be made much more effective<br />
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<b>11. <span style="color: red;"><u>North Bengal</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Baharampur<br />
Major Cities:-Asansol, Jalpaiguri, Bardhaman<br />
Present Status:- Part of West Bengal (10.5 out of 19 Districts) & Assam(2 out of 24 Districts)<br />
Area:- 41965 Sq Km<br />
MP's:-18<br />
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West Bengal has the most fertile area in the country with farmers able to extract 3 crops from the farms. It was the capital of British India and Calcutta was the hub of industry in 1947. But today West Bengal is not the best of the states rather the standards are low. Why is this, firstly due to huge population (42 MP's) it is in the unmanageable zone. On top of that the state has a long North South expanse compared to it's area. This makes it even more unmanageable. It is for same reason people of Gorkhaland have been demanding a separate state as far away in Kolkata people are not bothered about development. Hence for better administration and to bring population in manageable zone the state of West Bengal needs to be broken down into 2 states of North and West Bengal besides a UT of Gorkhaland.<br />
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North Bengal would bring the far of northern districts under focus of the new state and much more efficient to administer. The state would have a very fertile area marked by loads of river which would mean year round irrigation. The state needs to ensure strengthening the irrigation system and bring in better new techniques in Agriculture. The state also will have a strategic location which is the gateway to North East and as many as 4 countries would be in vicinity to state. Hence this position can be greatly exploited by the state. <br />
The state would have industry in it's southern parts based near cities like Asansol. With becoming a separate state and infra development around capital of Baharampur and specifically building Airport there would help the state in getting more industry as the state is both near the sources of raw material- Both Mineral (In Jharkhand) and Agricultural and port of Kolkata. However it would be on the local government to pursue the Industry in the state.<br />
The state would finally mean that the long neglected districts of North would come in the focus area of new capital and hence progress at a faster pace than if they are now in West Bengal.<br />
The only challenge would be the huge north south expanse of the state as it needs to be covered around Bangladesh. An Indo Bangladesh transit treaty would do a sea of good to the this state <br />
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<b>12. <span style="color: red;"><u>Bodoland</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Bongaigaon<br />
Major Cities:-Kokrajhar<br />
Present Status:- Part of Assam (4 out of 24 Districts)<br />
Area:- 11141 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>3<br />
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The Divide between Bodo and Assamese is an old one. It is perhaps the only region where we have a terrorist group for forming a separate state. Though the state does not fall either in governance zone in terms of population or area, it would be advisable to form the state based on the Tribal Sensitivities of North East. Also it has 3 MP's in it's region while most of the states in North East have 1 or 2 MP's so it will not make any sense to have a UT in the region with 3 MP's and state with 1 MP in the region. Also it is essential to form the state to reign in loads of Bangladeshi Muslims coming and settling illegally in the state. This can be a major problem in future and forming homogenous states has discourage the illegal Bangladeshi's not to settle in the state. This would make both Assam and Bodoland homogenous states and help in better administration and keeping out the illegal migrants. Presently Bodoland comes under Section 6 of constitution.<br />
The State would have agriculture as it's mainstay in the state. Mini Irrigation from various streams that criss cross the state and huge rain would be a game changer for the state. Also the state has got large area under forests and tea gardens and this can be a source of tourism. The Capital Boingaon has a huge ONGC refinery and a NTPC plant based around which some industry is present. As the state would be gateway to North East it can use it's position to it's advantage w.r.t. industry.<br />
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<b>13. <u><span style="color: red;">Koshal</span></u></b><br />
Capital:-Sambhalpur<br />
Major Cities:-<br />
Present Status:- Part of Orrisa (12 out of 30 Districts)<br />
Area:- 63671 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>6<br />
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Orrisa has got 21 MP's which makes the population in the manageable zone yet the state is one of the most backward in the country. This is due to many reasons, firstly the area of the state at 1,53,843 are way above the Manageable zone. On top of it there is a clear divide in geography with Coastal Region on East and Mountainous region on the West. Then the Coastal region is dominated by Oriya's while the Mountainous region is inhabited by Tribals and Kosal's. It is due to this demographic that tribal if into farming have small farms due to which their exploitation becomes even more easier.This clear divide makes the Western part one of the most backward regions in the country, despite of it having huge mineral reserve and loads of rainfall.It is due to this divide that the Western Districts of Orrisa have a state movement for a separate state of Koshal or Kosal. It is due to this backwardness that we have Naxal movements in many parts of Koshal.<br />
Koshal if formed would be one of the most mineral rich states in the country whose right use can bring huge benefit to local population. To start with, the Tribal areas of the state would be required to be brought under Schedule 5 of constitution which would ensure tribal have a say in their local governance and cannot be exploited. It is after this that then industry should be brought in which will help the local population in jobs and various ways<br />
The state has a huge forest covers with some of the most beautiful places in central India which have been unexplored due to bad infrastructure. With infra development in the state and a new capital and a airport can surely help to expedite tourism which can be tribal tourism, nature tourism.<br />
Finally the states has loads of rivers passing through it like Mahanadi and it can develop Hydroelectric potential and irrigation facilities which can help it to expand it's agriculture.<br />
With formation of Koshal it will help bring millions of poorest in India out of poverty for the good of the country. <br />
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<b>14. <span style="color: red;"><u>Saurashtra</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Rajkot<br />
Major Cities:-Jamnagar, Bhavnagar<br />
Present Status:- Part of Gujarat (8 out of 25 Districts)<br />
Area:- 110517 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>8<br />
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Gujarat state is assumed to be perfect case due to a effective state propaganda machinery. The truth is despite the so called big growth in GSDP, high per capita income, the HDI of the state has not improved, not has improved various critical parameters like Mortality Rates, health & education. The Western Part of state has clearly not been touched by the growth which has been more confined to the eastern part of the state.<br />
It will be argued that in a state some areas will do good and some will do bad. That exactly is the point that the state of Gujarat is outside the management zone in both Area and Population. It is for the same reason that the state needs to be bifurcated to be brought in manageable zone.<br />
Saurashtra would form the Western Part of the state and would include the empty region of Kutch also. If we ignore the marshy area of Kutch (Which would be like an Empty corner in state and practically not included in area to be managed as it has no population) then the state is in manageable zone in all respects of Area, Population and Homogeneity. <br />
The state has industry specially in petroleum & cement & Pharma sector present in it besides other industries such as Manufacturing also present. The state would also have minerals such as Bauxite, Limestone, Dolomite, Gypsum & Copper. Also the state has various cash crops grown such as Cotton, Tobacco in the state. As the state is located on a strategic location in Arabian Sea, and partnering with Maru Pradesh and creating a good infrastructure for transit to huge populations of North India it can establish major ports in the state and greatly increase the trade which presently does not happen because the state of Gujarat is more focused towards the eastern part. These factors can actually make the state a major Industrial players in the country.<br />
The state is presently mostly irrigated via rain itself and some areas through a canal from Narmada. The crops of Wheat, Bajra, Oilseads are the major crops of the region. The state would need to work on water conservation techniques for agriculture which can really help to improve agriculture. The state is known to receive huge rainfalls during a tropical cyclone when 10 years of rainfall can fall in a year. If an effective Tank system is created this can be tapped for the years without a Tropical Cyclone. Such ingenious water techniques have to be built in. As the state would mostly consist of dry area water conservation would have to be a priority similar to the case of Maru Pradesh.<br />
The state also has got many tourist destinations like Somnath, Dwarka, Porbandar, Gir Forest, Wild Ass Sanctuary, various princely palaces which is a untapped tourist potential. With development of infrastructure like expansion of Rajkot airport, developing road and train infrastructure this can really benefit the state<br />
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<b>15. <span style="color: red;"><u>Vidharbha</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Nagpur<br />
Major Cities:-Amrawati, Wardha<br />
Present Status:- Part of Maharashtra (9 out of 35 Districts)<br />
Area:- 77596 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>9<br />
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Maharasthra is a state of contrasts. As a whole it has one of the highest per capita income in the country and has the biggest GSDP in the country. It also has a very large Industrial and Agricultural base. On the other hand there are areas in the state like Vidharbha which has lower per capita income than Bihar. Marathwada as a region is also not much better off then Vidharbha. It is due to some regions with higher development increase the overall numbers and hide the regional balances.<br />
Maharasthra as a region is divided in various regions- Vidharbha(Nagpur), Marathwada(Aurangabad), Khandesh(Nasik), Desh(Pune), Konkan(Coast) & Mumbai. Out of these regions the primary GSDP comes from the region of Mumbai, Desh & Konkan. Vidharbha & Marathwada are the backward regions of the state. This wide disparity is due to the fact that the Area & Population of the state are outside the manageable zone.<br />
Hence it is very much required to break the state in manageable units to bring development across the regions. The states are broadly around the regions- Vidharbha, Marathwada, Mumbai & Khandesh as North Maharashtra (As Mumbai alone will have limitations of Area) & Desh and Konkan as Maharashtra. The District of Sindhudurg which is Konkani would join the Konkan state of Goa. The 2 eastern district which are tribal, specifically with Gonds would join the state of Gondwana.<br />
Vidharbha has a culture which is distinct and people have always demanded a separate state. The region was a part of Central Provinces and it was after the reorgainsation of states it was joined with Maharasthra. As in many other similar region of other states, many rivers flowing through the state, yet it remains a backward area of the state with most farmer sucides and no industries.<br />
Vidharbha as a state is a region famous for it's oranges and is also a cotton growing area. The state has Godavari's tributaries like Wardha, Wainganga flowing through it and an effective irrigation network can be developed which would step change the agriculture in the state.<br />
The region is rich is Iron Ore, Mangenese, Coal & Limestone. Industry based on these minerals along with Agro Industry can be really taken forward in the state. Nagpur has got some industry and developing infrastructure like Roads and Railways can further act as focal point for development for the state Industry<br />
The development of Infrastructure in the state can accelerate the tourism potential of the state. The state has lots of National Parks spread across the state which has been hampered by lack of Infrastructure.<br />
Hence Vidarbha has a large potential if it becomes a separate state.<br />
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<b>16. <span style="color: red;"><u>Marathwada</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Aurangabad<br />
Major Cities:-Nanded, Jalna<br />
Present Status:- Part of Maharashtra (8 out of 35 Districts)<br />
Area:- 64809 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>8<br />
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After Vidharbha this is the second most backward area of the state of Maharashtra, and their always have been voices for a separate state, though not as strong as of Vidharbha.<br />
Agriculture is the main occupation for this state with Godavari river flowing right across it along with various tributaries. At present the irrigation of state of Maharashtra is more focussed towards the Desh(Pune) region and in state politics this region loses out. The recent drought in the state was clearly a man made problem as some other regions were priortized. As a separate state the region would develop it's irrigation network and get's it's share of water which would greatly increase the efficiency of Agriculture in the region. Cotton, Sugarcane, Bajra, Jowar, Ragi, Pulses & Oilseeds are the major crops for the region.<br />
The region is not rich in minerals and most of the Industry is based around Agro products itself besides some industry around the capital. With a good irrigation system agro industry surely would get a boost. Also the state's advantageous position of being near to the major cities of Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore, Hyderabad & Goa can give it a strategic location for industries with the right policies<br />
Tourism will also be a major drawcard for the state. Near the capital lies the famous Ajanta and Ellora caves. Nanded is a major Sikh shrine. Also Aurangabad, Beed and many other historical places are located in the state. There are airports at Aurangabad & Nanded and with strengthing the road network can give a boost to the tourism as well as Industry and Agriculture in the region<br />
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<b>17. <span style="color: red;"><u>North Maharashtra</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Mumbai<br />
Major Cities:-Thane, Vashi, Nasik, Nagar<br />
Present Status:- Part of Maharashtra (8 out of 35 Districts)<br />
Area:- 52124 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>17<br />
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After Vidharbha & Marathwada, the balance 4 regions of Desh(Pune), Khandesh(Nasik), Mumbai & Konkan are relatively much more progressive. However the region of Mumbai has it's issue of lack of specific urban policy which makes it Slum capital of Asia, while regions in north i.e. Khandesh has regions which are still backward. Together these 4 regions would still mean that the state remains out of manageable zone and issues will keep cropping in hence for better administration it is required to be bifurcated. Hence the regions of Konkan and Desh which are quite similar in culture would form the state of Maharashtra while the northern regions of Mumbai and Khandesh would form the state of North Maharasthra<br />
North Maharasthra would be a blend of state with highest urban population percentage with big cities of Mumbai, Thane, Vashi, Nashik & Nagar while would also have a huge rural area in Dhule, Jalgaon, Nandurbar, Nashik & Nagar districts. There is a choice as many would point out to make Mumbai a separate state, but this would mean too much pressure on the resources of the city because of a small area would mean there are huge chances of this not being a success. With the Khandesh area the state would have the area to take up various projects across the state, an agricultural base and would have also the population to support the economy<br />
The regions of the state have a developed state of agriculture, though some specific efforts, especially irrigation projects and social upliftment would be required to be taken in the districts of Dhule, Jalgaon & Nandurbar.<br />
In terms of Industry this would be one of the most advanced state with Industry in Mumbai, Thane, Vashi, Nashik & Nagar. The state needs to ensure to continue with good industrial policies for the industries.<br />
Tourism is also established in Mumbai. Nashik also is a religious as well a picturesque place and can be strengthened as a tourist destination<br />
However the biggest challenge for the region would be to develop infrastructure of Mumbai. At present Maharashtra is able to get away due to various other cities in the state, which North Maharashtra would not be able to do. Also with 60% seats coming from Mumbai metropolitan region, the politics would also not allow the same. This state if managed properly can become the most advanced state of the country with few years of existence<br />
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The left over Maharashtra state would also be in a good position. It has got an established agriculture, Industry & tourism. Perhaps the challenge for it would be to development a port in the state which can give a further boost to industry and challenge the crowded ports of Mumbai<br />
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<b>18. <span style="color: red;"><u>Gondwana</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Jagdalpur<br />
Major Cities:-Dantewada<br />
Present Status:- Part of Andhra Pradesh (2 Partial Districts out of 23), Chhatisgarh (5 out of 18 Districts), Maharashtra (2 out of 35 Districts) & Orrisa (2 out of 30 Districts)<br />
Area:- 98746 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>5<br />
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Straddled across many states is a region known as Gondwana. The name comes from Gonds who are India's biggest tribe and spread across states of MP, Chhatisgarh, Orrisa, AP, Maharashtra and UP. The region of Gondwana has got many more tribes. With these tribes spread across many states where they make a very small tribal minority and stay in lucrative forest regions which is rich in minerals. The results they have been exploited for so many years and as a reason for the same we have got red extremism in the region.<br />
The tribal population needs to be united as a state as the issues in all the districts across the states are similar and a unitary action plan is possible as one state. The state would also mean striking the naxalism right in heart as the people would have a government which cannot ignore them. The state would get in manageable zone in terms of Culture, area & population.<br />
As a first step Schedule 5 needs to be implemented in the state which would protect the rights of tribals and their ways of life. In terms of sustainability the state is the starting points of many rivers and with introduction of modern agriculture techniques to the tribals can increase their income and increase the output of the state. The state has a huge forest cover and high priority would be required to ensure that forest cover in the state should be increased and sustained for future.<br />
The state is also very rich in minerals like Ore's of various metals, coal and many more. The state can go for a large amount of Industry in the state which will bring employment and help address many of the issues.<br />
Tourism will also be a major draw card as many national parks in the state along with unexplored natural beauty.<br />
The state can have a great potential and will help bring many of the poorest in India out of poverty and address the biggest challenge of naxalism. This state will give voice to one of the most exploited and ignored people of country and is needed to be formed as No 1 priority. <br />
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<b>19. <span style="color: red;"><u>Telangana</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Hyderabad<br />
Major Cities:-Warangal, Adilabad<br />
Present
Status:- Part of Andhra Pradesh (10 Districts out of 23)<br />
Area:- 102800 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>16<br />
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This is the state which has got India on the boil and one of the most discussed topic for past 3-4 years. Telangana is the region of Andhra Pradesh which was under the rule of Nizam. To start with the area was managed in a different way like Urdu as government language compared to English in rest of Andhra which was a part of Madras State. The state also is quite backward if compared to the Coastal Regions where the irrigation system is much more developed as compared to Telangana. The difference in irrigation is based on combined factors of preference for Coastal regions as well as Geography. How much each factor contributed can be debated. However the bone of contention is due to fact that Hyderabad is deep inside Telangana. If Hyderabad would have been in rest of Andhra the state would have been formed. Now since the government investment and the politicians have invested their black money hence both do not want to lose their investments.<br />
Telangana as a state would give the focus to irrigation which would be a mixture of both canal as well as Tank irrigation in the state. The state grows crops like Bajra, Jowar and in some parts Wheat, Sugarcane, Rice, Tobacco & Cotton. An effective irrigation would greatly benefit agriculture bringing millions of poor out of poverty. The state would require to work with Maru Pradesh, Saurashtra, Rayalseema and North Karnataka in area of arid agriculture.<br />
The state has got Industry around the capital of Hyderabad. There are deposits of Coal, Iron Ore, Manganese present in the state and definitely help develop industry. Like the case at many places, enhancing of agriculture via irrigation would give a boost to Agro Industry. Hyderabad has a large factor of Service Industry and challenge would be to take this to other cities of the state.<br />
The state would have limited Tourism potential based out of Hyderabad and some other historical places in the city. The Infrastructure development that would happen would surely give a boost to tourism besides Industry. This state is already on the way to be formed, but should have been accompanied by many more<br />
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<b>20. <span style="color: red;"><u>Rayalseema</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Kurnool<br />
Major Cities:-Tirupati<br />
Present
Status:- Part of Andhra Pradesh (4 Districts out of 23)<br />
Area:- 67299 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>7<br />
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The state of Andhra Pradesh as discussed earlier was combined from Nizam
& British areas, The Nizam areas is Telangana . The British areas
can be divided in the fertile river delta coastal regions and the deccan plateau region which is known as Rayalseema. Like Telangana this region is also backward infact even more than Telangana is compared to Coastal Andhra. The region has been suffering from years of drought.Again like case of Telangana many rivers flow through the state like Krishna , Kunderu, Pennuru but most of the hydel projects are suited for the coastal regions (Again due to a mix of politics & Geography). <br />
The state capital would be the old capital of Andhra region of Kurnool. Urban investment in the region would help in overall development of the region as it will serve as focal point<br />
Like Telangana establishing irrigation would be key in this region. The irrigation would have to be a mixture of Canal & Tank system. As already mentioned the state would have to explore dry area cultivation methods along with other dry states of India like Maru Pradesh, Saurashtra, Telangana & North Karnataka. The state presently grows cotton, Mangoes, pulses, Jowar, Bajra while some areas grow Sugarcane & Rice. A boost in irrigation would be a boon for Agriculture improving the lives of some of the poorest in the country<br />
The state has some minerals in form of Iron Ore, Asbestos, Manganese, Copper. Industry would have to be developed on these minerals as well as based on agriculture. A focused irrigation would definitely help industry in the region also<br />
The biggest draw card of the region would be Tourism. The state has got many Temples, the most famous of which is Tirupati or Sai Baba's Puttaparti. There are many natural unexplored places in the state which will get a boost once the state focuses on Infrastructure.<br />
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<b>21. <span style="color: red;"><u>Coastal Andhra</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Visakhapatnam<br />
Major Cities:-Vizag, Guntur <br />
Present
Status:- Part of Andhra Pradesh (9 Districts out of 23)<br />
Area:- 92906 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>18<br />
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Seema Andhra would be formed from coastal regions of Andhra Pradesh.This region would form one of the most fertile areas of South India. The state would mainly be dependent on agriculture itself. The region has a established Canal System in place, which would need to be consolidated and further extended to new areas. The biggest task of Seema Andhra would be to be establish it's coastal centers like capital Visakhapatnam and other important cities of Vizag & Guntur. If this happens the state can actually become one of the highest per capita income states as it will have an established Urban and Rural centers in it<br />
The Industry in the state would have to be developed across the coastline. The state is strategically located on Eastern coastline. Sops in form of SEZ along the coastline can be given targeting the export based industry especially covering South East & East Asia. This would go hand in hand with establish urban centers and extending it's port cities. Also as the state would further develop the agro based industry which is already present in the state<br />
In terms of Tourism the state would need to develop the coastal cities. Establishing infrastructure in terms of Airports and more trains can give a major boost to tourism in the region which also holds great potential.<br />
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<b>22. <span style="color: red;"><u>North Karnataka</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Dharwad<br />
Major Cities:-Belgaum, Gulbarga, Bellary <br />
Present
Status:- Part of Karnataka (12 Districts out of 30)<br />
Area:- 84406 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>10<br />
<br />
Like the case of Andhra Pradesh there is also wide difference in the regions of North & South Karnataka. Karnataka is divided into region of Mumbai Karnataka, Hyderabad Karnataka, Mysore Karnataka & Coastal regions. The state of North Karnataka would be formed joining Mumbai & Hyderabad Karnataka though some regions in Belgaum district should go to states of Maharashtra & Konkan.<br />
The North Region is so backward that Parliament of India recognizing the same added a special provision for Hyderabad Karnataka under article 371-J. The region lacks rest of the state in terms of Infrastructure, key parameters due to combined factors of neglect & geography.<br />
A separate state would bring in many benefits for the people of North Karnataka. First and for most it will bring in urbanization which would ensure progress in the region. The state would definitely give priority for irrigation in the state which would come as a high priority as most people would be involved in agriculture. There are some projects in irrigation but there is a huge potential for expansion as river Krishna and many of it's tributaries like Tungabhadra flow through the state. This would bring many areas in the state under irrigation. Also the state would require to work on Tank irrigation and as mentioned many times it would go in arid irrigation along with Maru Pradesh and other similar states.<br />
The state will have wide range of crops from Rice, Wheat, Jowar, Bajra, Cotton, Sugar Cane, Tobacco, Pulses. A improve in irrigation in region will give a major much required boost to Agriculture. The state is also very rich in minerals with Bellary having some of the best Iron Ore present in it. India's only Gold Mines would lie in the state. There are other minerals like Copper, Manganese, Bauxite, Zinc, Limestone, Diamonds. There is some industry based around mineral wealth in the districts of Bellary, Koppal, Gulbarga. This is a huge potential that the state would be able to garner, along with the potential of Agro Industry which would get a boost from irrigation.<br />
The state also has a huge potential of Tourism. World Famous monuments like Humpy the capital of Vijay Nagar Kingdom, Gol Gumbaz besides many more lie in the state. It is due to bad infrastructure that it's potential has not been realized. <br />
This state would not be fully homogeneous as Mumbai Hyderabad has a language of so called Crude Kannada and Hyderabad Kannada had Kannada, Urdu, Telugu language prevailing in the region. If in future there is a case then these 2 regions can go separate ways but at present with Article 371-J should be able to address many of the issues. As in many cases argued above, it will have direct benefit on some of the most poorest in India<br />
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<b>23. <span style="color: red;"><u>Konkan</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Goa<br />
Major Cities:-Belgaum, Karwar<br />
Present
Status:- Goa & Part of Maharashtra(1 out of 35 Districts), Karnataka (1Full & 1 partial Districts out of 30)<br />
Area:- 20930 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>4<br />
<br />
This state would be formed by uniting all the Konkan Language areas i.e. joining the Konkan areas of Karnataka & Maharsthra with Goa. Goa at present is outside the Manageable zone and forming this state would take it towards the same. It would also mean that Konkani people would not be a minority in other states.<br />
The state though small has huge potential. The region lies mostly in Western Ghats hence has huge rainfalls. This means the state is perfect for agriculture & hydel potential. Perhaps streamlining agriculture production through government support like MSP etc would further enhance agriculture.<br />
The state is rich in minerals also especially Iron Ore. A use of mine in environmental safe way would however be required in the state. There is already a large industrial base based in Goa which can be further enhanced as most the things are conducive for Industry. Perhaps to support the Industry the state would have to improve the road network with all the states around it.<br />
However the biggest potential in state would be Tourism. It is a tourism gold mine state. Goa already is a established place. To add to it would get other beautiful beaches like that of Karwar, Gokarna, Malvan, Devgarh. There are many forts spread across the region, Churches. Also the state would be full of forest. The beautiful forests of Dandeli would lie in the state. Giving right connectivity though preserving the environment would go long way in establishing this state as the No 1 tourist state in India.<br />
<br />
<b>24. <span style="color: red;"><u>Tulu Nadu</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Mangalore<br />
Major Cities:-Udupi <br />
Present
Status:- Part of Kerala (1 out of 14 Districts), Karnataka (3 out of 30 Districts)<br />
Area:- 14532 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>3<br />
<br />
Tulu is a language spoken around Mangalore region of Karnataka and north Kerala and is quite different from both Kanada and Malayalam. There is another very distinct culture which is different from Karnataka, Kerala or Tulu which is known as Kodagu or Coorgi. These unique culture have been fighting for their survival and always wanted to separate from Karnataka. Tulu Nadu would be a state formed by uniting both these cultures into a state.<br />
The state would not lie in the manageable zone but it is recommended this state for various reasons. The culture of this region is not like a different dialect of main language, but rather completely different language and cultures from main state. Secondly rather than forming 2 UT's which are like a outpost of center government it is much better to form a state combining both the regions and give direct power in hands of people. Thirdly this is mainly a mountainous region which means the time taken to cover distance increases. Hence due to these reasons it is recommended to make these 2 cultures into separate state<br />
However the district of Kodagu would have to be given certain autonomous powers to preserve the local culture in the district.<br />
Again like Konkan this state would be located in the Western Ghats region. It has huge rains in the region which favor Agriculture and Hydel Potential in the region. Streamlining of agriculture like in Konkan would certainly help. There are also huge Tea and Coffee farms in the state.<br />
The state has got some mineral resources like Iron Ore, forest resources and there is potential for certain more. Keeping it environmentally safe the state can go for developing mining and develop industry around it. There is also a huge potential for Agro Industry in the region. The state has some Industry in the Mangalore region and a separate state surely would give boost to the same.<br />
However again as in the previous case the biggest potential is tourism. The state also has got some good beaches around Mangalore, Kasargod & Udipi which has not been explored to their potential because of challenges of infrastructure. The state is also covered with huge forests and some of the most beautiful region especially in Kodagu. There are some places of British Legacy in the region. A separate state would have to focus on Tourism and would establish infrastructure for the same giving tourism a boost.<br />
<br />
<b>25. <span style="color: red;"><u>Kongu Nadu</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Coimbatore<br />
Major Cities:-Erode, Salem, Ooty <br />
Present
Status:- Part of Tamil Nadu (10 out of 32 Districts)<br />
Area:- 48080 Sq Km<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>12<br />
<br />
Like the case is their for Coastal Andhra vs Telangana & Rayalseema, the same is the issue of Kongu Nadu. Most of the irrigation potential has been developed around the coastal region in the state. Also as at present the state of Tamil Nadu is out of manageable zone both in terms of size & population and due to above all factors the region of Kongu Nadu is much behind as compared to Coastal regions. Infact some of the regions specially in Nilgiri district have areas which are still the most backward we can imagine with the tribals like Badaga being exploited. <br />
Forming this state would bring both the states in manageable zones and hence better government in both the regions. The first and foremost task of the state would be to establish an much more effective irrigation network around the river Kaveri and it's many tributaries. The state has many crops like Rice, Pulses, Cotton, Sugar Cane, Tobacco, Tea, Coffee grown in it. An effective and reliable irrigation would give boost to crops like Sugar Cane, Cotton, Tobacco, Rice.<br />
The state has a huge Hydro Electric potential in the western mountainous region which it can pursue further. There are certain minerals like Copper, Atomic Ores, Limestone, Gypsum in the region. There is a industry in a state around the capital of Coimbatore mainly into Textiles & Automobile ancillaries. Industry can be enhanced around minerals and agro products further taking it to other regions in the state. An improved irrigation and infrastructure would give much boost to the Industry<br />
The state also has got an established Tourism sector in the Ooty region which it needs to sustain. Forming this state would help both parts of present Tamil Nadu to progress continuously.<br />
<br />
<b>26. <span style="color: red;"><u>Kashmir</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Srinagar<br />
Major Cities:-Anantnag, Baramulla <br />
Present
Status:- Part of Jammu & Kashmir (17 out of 22 Districts) and POK (Azad Kashmir & Gilgit)<br />
Area:- 39426 Sq Km + POK<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>4<br />
<br />
As the same suggest Jammu & Kashmir is a highly heterogeneous state. If we include the POK part then in J&K there are clear 5 distinctions- Kashmir Valley, Ladakh, Jammu, Muzzafarnagar region & Gilgil-Balistan. A Heterogeneous has many disadvantages which drags the attention of people away from development to regional issues. J&K should hence be divided to make the regions much more homogeneous. The State should be divided into Hindu dominated Jammu Region, Tibetian influenced & Shia Muslim Leh area and the Valley of Kashmir. If tomorrow India get's back POK then it can be merged with Kashmir and further decision can be decided based on choice of people.<br />
Kashmir state would be having valley and area around it. It would help the region to stop the nagging with other regions and focus on much needed development in the region. The top focus should be developing the infrastructure in the region which would unlock many potential hidden in the region<br />
As this region is presently bound in conflicts, having a separate state would mean government would have to be more focused on development rather than sounding to play politics between 3 regions and taking the attention away from development. A good governance would be right steps towards peace and a peaceful Kashmir means that state can truly unlock the potential of Tourism in the state which would give much needed employment in region.<br />
The Hydel Potential and Agriculture are also the other areas which will get a big boost with right infrastructure & good governance.<br />
<br />
<b>26. <span style="color: red;"><u>Cachar</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Silichar<br />
Major Cities:- <br />
Present
Status:- Part of Assam (3 out of 24 Districts)<br />
Area:- 6922 Sq Km <br />
MP's:<b>-</b>2<br />
<br />
**DESCRIPTION PENDING**<br />
Bengal Majority Area in South Assam. Will make Assam more homogenous. Along with West Bengal and North Bengal be the buffer area against illegal Bangladeshi immigrants as Bodoland, Assam, Gorkhaland, Sikkim, Arunachal, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Manipur, Tripura & Mizoram and UT's of Karbi Anglong & Dima Hasao will have land rights only for local indegenous population and the 3 Bengali states would have to absorb the population. This strategy will force the states to work against the illegal population and help in curbing the problem<br />
<br />
<u><b>RESTRUCTURING A STATE</b></u><br />
<b>1. <span style="color: red;"><u>Manipur</u></span></b><br />
<span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">The issue of Manipur is a complex one. The state before becoming a part of India was for many centuries a Independent country ruled by Metie Kings whom British subdued in later stages. After Independence the state was brought into India.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">Manipur has got 2 distinct regions- First the valley which has 10% Area having 60% Population in which mostly the Metei's live. Second is the Hill Area which is inhabited by 2 tribes- Nagas & Kukis. Due to various policies and actions of the state all the 3 people as hostile to each other. The problem becomes further complex when the mountainous region is not uniform but rather Naga and Kuki Tribes spread across the same districts and pure geographical areas cannot be associated.</span></span><br />
<span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">The Metei who have been the traditional rulers want the state to remain in the present form. At present they are not allowed to buy lands in the Hill Regions and oppose the same. There are Metei terrorist groups who want to secede from India and form the old Metei kingdom having whole of Manipur in it but overall the resistance groups have been formed to counter the Naga and Kuki groups. Once the issue of Naga and Kuki's are solved in no time these groups would also fall in line. The Naga's under terrorist groups like NSCN (Who are in Talks with Central Govt) want to form a greater "Nagalim" which would contain parts of Manipur and are fighting for it. However the parts of Manipur they are asking for have huge population of Kuki's present in them who have been traditional enemies of Naga's and oppose such move. Infact the Kuki's want to establish their own state which would have parts of Manipur, Assam & Mizoram which will have huge population of other tribes. </span></span><br />
<span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">In such a circumstance the state of Manipur needs great restructuring. First of all the most essential thing would be enable the local government which like in many cases would solve many issues. Then secondly there should be separate Naga & Kuki autonomous councils elected from their populations. The areas of both the council should be clearly demarked which would be based on the village of both the tribes. Both these council should then sit together to form a Hill Council. The Governor should have the power to stop implementation of any state resolution in Hill areas if the Hill Council or Naga or Kuki council oppose it. </span></span><br />
<span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">Finally the funds of the Hill District should be given to Naga or Kuki council in terms of their population for Implementation. </span></span><br />
<span style="color: red;"><span style="color: black;">This system might sound complex but surely from view point of each group it gives them enough power to acts locally keeping in view of the Tribal customs. It would also mean that people who take action are directly elected and they cannot get away blaming state or center government for the same.</span></span><br />
<br />
<b>2. <span style="color: red;"><u>Nagaland</u></span> </b><br />
As described earlier the terrorist groups of Nagaland like NSCN are demanding a greater Nagalim. This Nagalim demanded contains 2 districts of Arunachal Pradesh (Where one is Naga district but other has got many tribal districts), 4 Districts of Manipur (Which have significant population of Kuki's who oppose the same) & 2 Districts of Assam (Both these districts have Naga's in minority. Infact Karbi & Dima Hasao are the majority of the tribals of the district and both these districts are covered in Schedule 5 of constitution). <br />
From the above description is it quite clear that the demand of Nagalim is not a just one as it tries to cover non Naga also into the state. However there is issue of fair representation of Naga people in the region which needs to be addressed across many states.<br />
The one district of Arunachal of Tirap which has a Naga Population should be merged with Nagaland. The issue of representation of Naga's in Manipur can be addressed via formation of Naga & Hill Council in the state with a large amount of autonomous powers. In the state of Assam, Karbi Ananlong & Dima Hasao district should be made a separate UT, with a Autonomous UT Council giving fair representation to all the minority tribe including Naga's. This UT (At Present district) is under Schedule 5, which takes care of many concern of tribals and that is the reason this district is known to be very safe. <br />
To take care of apprehensions of other tribals there should be a Tribal Council (Who form a significant minority in Nagaland) should be formed along with the present councils in Nagaland. This will address issues of Kuki community in both the regions of Nagaland & Manipur<br />
<br />
The question may come into the minds of many for why such a high fragmentation in the region. This region unlike rest of India has got strong Tribal cultures which need to be respected. The problem gets aggravated as the tribals are spread across the same region and geographical separation is not possible. It is hence very much important to govern these states via autonomous state council who will get most of the power of State government like law & order, infrastructure, but a state government also present to look into macro issues of the state. It is the way these regions have been ruled for centuries and that is the way we need to go ahead and not impose the alien Westminster model on them.<br />
<br />
<u><b>NEW UT's</b></u><br />
UT's are directly governed by the Central government. The UT's have been formed due to various reasons. In some of the cases the regions formed can be too strategic or too small to be formed as states and hence we would need to go as a UT for them. The proposed UT's are<br />
<br />
<b>1. <span style="color: red;"><u>Ladakh</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Leh<br />
<br />
Present
Status:- Part of Jammu & Kashmir (2 out of 22 Districts) and Aksai Chin (Occupied by China)<br />
Area:- 59146 Sq Km +Aksai Chin<br />
MP's:<b>-</b>1<br />
<br />
Leh-Ladakh forms the extension of Plateau of Tibet into J&K which has a significant Buddhist influence in the region. The Majority Muslims in the region are Shia who traditionally have been autonomous from the rulers of valley. Since this region has a very small population as well as of the strategic importance it needs to be governed as a UT from the center.<br />
Also the region has got high mountains and a high level of investment is required for infrastructure which makes it even more important to be a UT as center government can afford such investments<br />
<br />
<b>2. <span style="color: red;"><u>Jammu</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Jammu<br />
Present
Status:- Part of Jammu & Kashmir (3 out of 22 Districts) <br />
Area:- 10298 Sq Km <br />
MP's:<b>-</b>1<br />
<br />
As already discussed the region of Jammu is very different from the Kashmir & Ladakh region of J&K. To bring uniformity in the region Jammu needs to be separated. However due to it's small population as well as size and the strategic location as only connectivity to Kashmir & Ladakh, this region needs to be governed like a UT. However Puducherry model should be used for the region where the UT will have it's Legislative Assembly though with lesser powers as compared to a state. This would help to bring local level governance in the region and address most of the issues.<br />
<br />
<b>3. <span style="color: red;"><u>Gorkhaland</u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Darjeeling<br />
Present
Status:- Part of West Bengal (1 Full & 1 Partial District out of 19)<br />
Area:- 5376 Sq Km <br />
MP's:<b>-</b>1<br />
<br />
Gorkhaland has been a popular demand as a separate state. This regions has population which is very different from West Bengal and due to it's small population it is not represented and people feel alienated. The fact is that the population of region is not a separate dialect of Bengali but rather completely different culture.<br />
A separate state however is not recommended for many reasons. First of all the state would be too small to sustain itself which would mean that the population can get disenchanted with the state. Also the region has got Nepali population who due to many reasons of failure may soon demand to be a part of Nepal. Also this region is in vicinity of 4 countries (Though not touching all of them)- Nepal, Bhutan, China & Bangladesh, which makes it highly strategic and even more important to be ruled directly. Finally the region also lies in the chicken neck, a 13 Km wide region joining the whole of North East which raises it's strategic importance.<br />
It is hence recommended to make this region in a Puducherry style UT with a legislative assembly.<br />
<br />
<b>4. <span style="color: red;"><u>Karbi Anglong </u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Diphu<br />
Present
Status:- Part of Assam (1 out of 24 Districts )<br />
Area:- 10434 Sq Km <br />
MP's:<b>-</b>1<br />
<br />
Forming this UT is of strategic interests in solving various problems of the North East. This is a district under Schedule 5 in Assam which have majority Karbi tribe with population of Naga, Kuki, Janatia and many other tribes. The population presently is part of the biggest state of North East of Assam which reduces the representation of people as compared to if it had been a part of a smaller state. Also as discussed above forming a UT here would also help in addressing the issue of terrorism both is Nagaland and Manipur region<br />
This region is very small in terms Area and Population for forming a state and hence needs to be governed as a UT with Schedule 5 & tribal council giving representation to all the tribes.<br />
<br />
<b>4. <span style="color: red;"><u>Dima Hasao </u></span></b><br />
Capital:-Haflong<br />
Present
Status:- Part of Assam (1 out of 24 Districts )<br />
Area:- 4888 Sq Km <br />
MP's:<b>-</b>1<br />
<br />
**DESCRIPTION PENDING**<br />
Quite similar reason as the case for Dima Hasao<br />
<br />
Finally to keep it as a continuous process the government needs to have a separate council every 10 years which would define the parameters for the states to have best governance and look into the demands for separate state. Forming more states does not go into the region of dividing the country as many people feel but rather helps in taking governance in the hands of people in a much more effective way. Having said that I again repeat that before forming a state a minimum criteria needs to be defined so that it does not get into mad rush of politics for forming a state.<br />
<br />
Critical views and discussions are welcome on the topics. There are many points that I had to leave as this super long article would be become even longer. Thanks for the patience to read all of the article.</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-71152661859236173722013-06-16T22:25:00.002+05:302013-07-31T04:20:17.555+05:30Need for more States: Concerns and Issues that need to be addressed<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
In the previous article we broke many of the Myths associated with creating new states. The article <a href="http://theworldviewbyjashan.blogspot.in/2013/05/need-for-more-states-myths-in-making.html" target="_blank"><b>Need for more States: Myths in making new states</b> </a> can be read here. However there are also some urgent concerns that need to be addressed. These are not only required when new states are being formed, but immediately need to be addressed<br />
<br />
<b>1. More powers and finances to local bodies</b><br />
In India the constitution divides the power between Center and States as per the Union, Concurrent & State lists. Though there are local government at Panchayat and Muncipal levels, but the power defined to them are vague at the best, elections conducted by the State Election commission, which run highly on the whims of the state government, differ from state to state level and highly dependent on aid from the state and the center.<br />
The constitution needs to be amended and the power should be defined as Union, Concurrent, State & Local lists, with area of working clearly demarked. Also as the finances are divided amongst Center & States, this needs to be moved ahead and divided between Center, States & Local.<br />
Now the question will come why is this required. There is a saying "Think Global, act Local". This is a need of the hour. The local governments needs to be empowered to act locally. Many of the issues that go unresolved can be actually solved, like for example thousands of posts of teachers or health assistants go unfilled at local levels. If the norms of the posts are defined by the state government and budget provided to the village panchayat and elected panchayat made responsible for recruitment (Not the bureaucrat). A village would know how the recruitment for the post has been done and since it is close to the people, more accountability comes into the process. It also gives the flexibility to panchayat to ensure that post is filled and has to be accountable as people as watching. In a similar way this can ensure that local issues are solved locally for better governance and accountability.<br />
<br />
<b>2. Disturbed Area Act</b><br />
In India presently we see many areas under the influence of Naxals. In the fight against Naxals, we see each state fighting in it's own way. Some states are doing are a good job, while other are inclined to go soft on them. Then sometimes we have seen riots across the country where some states doing good and some simply not acting. At present, center can bring the states under Article 356 (President's Rule), but that is not always a tenable option. It has huge political implications. Also because if something is wrong in one district then whole state cannot be brought under president's rule.<br />
Mostly the approach required is unitary as is the case with Naxalism. Under the Disturbed Area Act the districts that are declared disturbed will come directly under a central authority of experts, which will bring the Police, local area governments, administration under their authority. Hence if today whole of Red Corridor districts across the states are under the authority of this central authority with police, CRPF and State and Central Government Schemes, this unitary approach will definitely be much more effective in fighting Naxalism at all levels. The District can be declared disturbed by both State or Central government.<br />
<br />
<b>3. Water Distribution act</b><br />
Water is a issue which will become more of issue in the future. The Supreme Court does not have jurisdiction over the Rivers and this is decided the center. This is highly unscientific method and many times mired by Politics. With bigger states breaking, this would increase the risk of more conflicts<br />
Internationally there are treaties and methods which govern the process on how river waters should be divided based on catchment areas, drainage areas. A similar process should be taken for all Major rivers and codified. Based on this process the water will have to be distributed and should be brought under the jurisdiction of Supreme Court.<br />
A Central Independent Constitutional Water Authority Body needs to be set that will have the control of releasing the water as per the code to ensure that politics cannot hamper the process<br />
<br />
<b>4. GST</b><br />
At present there are many different types of taxes levied by both center and states, many times making it tax on tax. Then different states have different types of taxes. Then there are Octroi's which many states levy. This makes movement of goods in the country highly complex structure increasing costs of companies and also the taxes. This increased cost has to be born by the common man. With more number of states it would increase the complexity.<br />
GST is Good and Sales Tax, is a tax implemented at each stage of product on the value added to it. It can be implemented in various ways, but a common way would be a Central and State GST. Implementing GST will have many benefits. GST would be implemented in the state of origin and final destination which would make transit very easy across the country even if it has to pass through many states. Secondly it will make easy for companies to operate with a single standard way of paying taxes, and many unnecessary costs can be saved like having multiple warehouses, simple single way of paying taxes. Thirdly it will means benefit for the end consumer in terms of prices by companies getting more efficient. Fourthly it will make the domestic industry much more competitive internationally. Finally it would means industry can move to any state offering better infrastructure and facilities and would force the states to be more competitive for the benefit of people. Besides that there would be many other benefits that will be realized as the process strengthens. <br />
<br />
<b>5. NCTC</b><br />
NCTC is the National Counter Terrorism Center. It will be a central authority which will keep a track on the terrorist activities in the country with moves such as central database. It will also be responsible for coordination the intelligence from various agencies in the country and act on the information. NCTC can also conduct operations in any area where it feels a threat is there<br />
Terrorism is the biggest threat faced by the nation, and NCTC is absolutely essential, as a unified approach is required. More states coming in being, the terrorists should not be able to live with impunity my moving across different states.<br />
<br />
<b>6. Aadhar Card Implementation</b><br />
Aadhar provides a unique identity for every individual like the Social Security Number in USA. India should fast track it's approach to ensure that each and every individual of the country is having Aadhar card<br />
The benefits of Aadhar card would be many. Firstly it would allow government to link every detail bank accounts, PAN number, ration cards, LPG connections etc linked to the number. It will help government save million of rupees in the subsidy that leaks out. Secondly it will allow government to control various schemes in a much more effective way. With use of direct cash transfer the target person can be identified in a much more effective way. Thirdly with many more states coming, a person should not lose his rights if he moves from one state to next. The Aadhar card will allow the person to take his benefits wherever he or she is.<br />
With everybody covered under a central database the benefits can be unending.<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>7. Conservation of Forests and Ecologically sensitive areas</b><br />
Forests are a national treasure that need to be preserved. Take the 2 forest zones of Western Ghats and Himalayas. The Western Ghats are not only essential for living of people near the forest but infact 6 states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu & Kerala. How, the rains that are received in Western Ghats makes it the source of water for all South Indian Rivers of Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri. No Western Ghats would mean these rivers shrink up and hence disastrous consequences for whole of Western and Southern India. Similarly Himalayas are essential for all the Northern and Eastern States states of India.<br />
The Approach required here again should not be left on the states but a unitary approach. Hence forest and Ecologically Sensitive Zone should be brought under the central list. Center should have power to declare any zone a sensitive area and ensure essential steps are taken<br />
<br />
<b>8. IT Connectivity at Panchayat level</b><br />
This is a time of IT. The Government has already initiated steps but the effort needs to be accelerated. IT connectivity at the grass root level can mean a transparent form of governance, effective way for government to reach with it's plans, essential knowledge transfer to grassroots and finally the rural India and agriculture can keep remained connected to the mainstream<br />
<br />
<b> </b><br />
<b>9. Lokpal, Lokayukta and an Independent CBI</b><br />
With smaller states it will run the risk of powerful families ruling the roost. An Independent Lokyukta would mean that there is a check on state government and make it far more accountable. This is a very essential step to ensure fair governance stays at all level in the country<br />
<br />
<b> </b><br />
<b>10. North East Zone Sub Parliament</b><br />
North East comprises of many states and all of them do not fall in the definition of good governance states as defined in the first part (Click<a href="http://theworldviewbyjashan.blogspot.in/2013/05/need-for-more-states-factors-behind.html" target="_blank"> here</a>). These states cannot be made into that zones as the area consists of many tribes spread across the area. The traditions of the region are different from most of the country and a change of approach is required. Also the area being landlocked and separated from rest of India through a narrow zone makes development difficult here. And Finally the low population means that representation at center is low and hence low focus on the area<br />
In the future where right sized states are proposed, North East still would have states much smaller than the effective zone and some more of that size (Gorkhaland, Bodoland) may be formed. This means this area has a danger which can make it to lag behind and make it prone to becoming troubled areas.<br />
The culture of these areas is also much different from rest of India, and hence a different localized approach is required to understand and progress in the area. <br />
In lieu of the above requirement a Sub Parliament for the region is very much required. This Sub Parliament by the Act of Constitution have jurisdiction over some power of Union and Concurrent List, and have it's own separate funds. Center government already spends more on these states as compared to other states. The Sub Parliament fund here would be what government already spends here and nothing extra and it would be transferred to the Sub Parliament. Powers like Infrastructure, Taxes etc can be transferred to this Sub Parliament. The local planning & implementation and focus in the region can transform and bring progress as there is high unrealized potential in the region.<br />
A small example of contribution and effectiveness is that with it's funds & local planning & implementation, NESP(North East Sub Parliament) can go ahead with building a North East Super Highway as shown below. The representative working with the foreign ministry can also pressurize the center into making an agreement with our neighbors and extending this Super highway to be connected with port of Sitwe in Burma and through Bangladesh. NESP with it's own fund, can accelerate the project as it would be top priority for them, while in present case the center has much more priorities like that Golden Quadrilateral which drops North East<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTJqI3FWagei-W-2YR58xU5KlWxMK8r0uBLL2sovacPeJe-Nx9SqjFiJKoQueJuOvXubgRY7HnaNrvQWmer1sQn7EbKv00XeEDIfej_XRPQeJP5z6E2TNro1Xgt8b9Dqgcqi-UJJUxjq8/s1600/Northeast+India+-+Copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTJqI3FWagei-W-2YR58xU5KlWxMK8r0uBLL2sovacPeJe-Nx9SqjFiJKoQueJuOvXubgRY7HnaNrvQWmer1sQn7EbKv00XeEDIfej_XRPQeJP5z6E2TNro1Xgt8b9Dqgcqi-UJJUxjq8/s640/Northeast+India+-+Copy.jpg" width="572" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">North East Super Highway. Such projects can be taken on priority by NESP and transform North East while it may take years for Center which is bound by so many other priorities</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The members of Sub Parliament should not be separately elected but rather would be the 25 Lok Sabha Members, 14 Rajya Sabha Members, 8 CM's (Maybe in future 1 more CM of Bodoland, 2 Administrators of UT's of Gorkhaland and Karbi Anolang). The Sub Parliament should be based at Guwahati and the MP's function both as member of NESP and the central parliament.<br />
<br />
As already said, more states or not, all these steps are required even today itself to have good governance in the country. With these steps the country would progress faster and adding more right sized states to it would really accelerate the whole process<br />
<br />
In the next part of the article I will discuss how many and which new states need to be formed by the state reorganization commission (Click <a href="http://theworldviewbyjashan.blogspot.in/2013/07/need-for-more-states-in-india.html">here</a> to go to article) </div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-61030991645602414112013-05-31T16:44:00.000+05:302013-07-31T04:04:41.185+05:30Need for more States: Myths in making new states<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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In last article we looked into what are the
factors that can help us accelerate the development in India via forming states
defined by certain parameters. To read the article click here <a href="http://theworldviewbyjashan.blogspot.in/2013/05/need-for-more-states-factors-behind.html" target="_blank">Need for more states: Factors behind Development</a></div>
<br />
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<br /></div>
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However when there is a talk of
forming new states and rearranging certain states then there are certain standard
concerns (Or Myths!!) that are raised. I would not look into all the myths one
by one</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">This will lead to Disintegration of the
nation</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Really, this is the most illogical statement that can
be heard. When India got Independence it had got 14 states and now there are
28. Has this lead to any disintegration of certain states leaving the country.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Please remember that the constitution of India states
“Union of India” and not “Federation of India”, which means that India is
mostly unitary in power and Centre has most of the powers and over-riding
powers in case of any emergency requirement.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">It will promote regionalism and regional
parties will gain sway</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
People give examples on how smaller parties will gain
sway in smaller states and hence problems in center. Let us look into the
states and see the status of regional parties</div>
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<br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBHxEGiAc7XyxrSBryFlFYegqxgnR8MugX4ziNvxJgINRh5pYzQAGoHkEXpYoFRZy_yGPwUTWIs0025oxNG7IsxvIfXzA5tZwMBiIxDw9xM3ftNen6YB1LgEY5tN93jBZ4qC4QCIBG4xg/s1600/India+States-+Regional+Parties.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBHxEGiAc7XyxrSBryFlFYegqxgnR8MugX4ziNvxJgINRh5pYzQAGoHkEXpYoFRZy_yGPwUTWIs0025oxNG7IsxvIfXzA5tZwMBiIxDw9xM3ftNen6YB1LgEY5tN93jBZ4qC4QCIBG4xg/s640/India+States-+Regional+Parties.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Breaking the myth that small states leads to regional parties</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
As seen in this it completely breaks the myth. Out of
10 bigger states 7 States have strong regional parties which are a major force.
Then in the medium 10 states (Including Delhi)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>this number drops by 1 to 6. Interestingly out of these 6, 2 parties SAD
and NC are historical parties which have been in existence even before
Independence while in big 10 only 1 state has such a historical party. This
myth is completely broken when we see the next 15 Units (9 States and<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>6 UT’s) and just 2 have a regional party as a
major force. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Hence the myth is completely wrong. Rather in a bigger
state like UP people have faith that Samjadwadi Party will be able to influence
in centre if it wins from UP, and similar for say NCP, while in smaller states
people have a tendency to vote for bigger national parties as otherwise their
voice will be lost</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Here by National Parties we mean parties having Pan
India presence in major states- INC, BJP, BSP, CPM & CPI</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Smaller states have not been successful
like in North East</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Very true. That is why in previous article we have
defined the range in which states needs to be in term of Population, Area and
Homogeneity. When making new states the 3 factors will be need to be taken into
care in majority of the cases.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">More States means more risk of
disintegration</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Well if the new states are formed in a proper way
keeping all 3 points into consideration, then it would mean more development
coming in. Another point worth noting is that most of militant movements have
been in the smaller states and it has been easy to manage them. If tomorrow we have terrorism problems say in Tamil Nadu which commands 39 seats in parliament then constitutional
means against it become very difficult due to political clout while it is easy against say Tripura with 2 seats.
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
It has been the case that can be seen, with political leaders
of these big states like Maha, TN have been involved in demanding more for
themselves at the cost of others and still money does not reach the people
because it is virtually more money for themselves. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
If more similar sized states are there then it would
reduce such things and give governments a chance of doing the distribution in a
technical way</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Tomorrow more people will demand there
state and every district will be a state</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
If the states are made that they were made last time
with no explanation of principal behind them, then it can go deep into such
level, but I are already defined a clear cut principle, which should be put in
front of the people.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Also with the formation of smaller efficient states,
if development reaches more people, then it would serve the purpose of people.
After Uttarakhand has been formed there has been rapid progress, and now there
are no further demands of a separate Garhwal and Kumaon, despite being
difference in culture of both the regions. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The demands are mostly political</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
This is another reason given by the critics to the
idea, who simply dismiss. Well people should understand that the politicians do
make politics but why? Because they see an opportunity. Why is there an opportunity,
because there is a need of the people. Why there is a need because people feel
so. So the bottom line is we cannot dismiss a demand by saying it is politics.
That is the voice of people; if it was not the case then no politics will happen. Politicians creates politics out of need of people to favor himself.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Yes definitely politicians also look for their
personal gains. But what we have suggested that new states be formed according
to a predefined set of norms and by a technical committee. This would take out
the politics</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">If UP is broken then the new states cannot
survive, because they have no resources</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Not having anything against people of UP, but this is
the answer I get when I talk about the idea with them. When I find it surprising and
think that it has come out of a feeling that they belong to the "biggest state of
India" and feel proud of it even when rest everything is zero. If UP is broken into 3 or 4 states , then
in Area each state would be little bigger than that of Haryana and Punjab.
About the resources, what resources does Haryana have and still is much better
than UP. There is not even a single major river and the soil there historically was considered as maru (Bad soil for farming). The fertility of soil and water situation in UP is much better than even
Punjab. In Punjab now only 2 rivers flows through the state, while the third
Ravi passes through the border. When I compare UP, it has Ganga, Yamuna then
the other major rivers like Gaghra, Gandak, Chambal, Sind, Betwa. Besides that
UP has got ultra fertile area of Terai in the foothills of Himalaya.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Hence I nowhere feel that UP even if broken down would be anywhere less in
resources. Yes an Initial investment would be required to build the
infrastructure of the capital. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
This concludes my second part of the article. If I have
missed any concern do post in comments and I would try to address them too. In the
next part I would discuss the concerns and steps that need to be addressed
before going for new states. The article can be found here <a href="http://theworldviewbyjashan.blogspot.in/2013/06/need-for-more-states-concerns-and.html" target="_blank">Need for more States: Concerns and Issues that need to be addressed</a></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-49323917817511078342013-05-28T17:46:00.002+05:302013-07-31T03:57:05.460+05:30Need for more states: Factors behind Development<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
This is a topic very close to my
heart. It always has been a hot topic of discussion, which has invoked great
debates. There has been always 2 forces one which wants more states, while
other who want consolidation of the states. Does formation of more states mean danger or does it mean more opportunities. To assess this we need to understand what might be the reasons. What are the factors that helps a
state to progress much ahead than the others. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
India is a land of contrasts. On
one hand we have states like Kerala where the HDI Factor which could rival many
better countries and on the other side we have states like UP which have people
living in worse conditions than even Sub Saharan Nations!!! Then there is a
category of states known as BIMARU states, Bimar in Hindi means sick. The
BIMARU states constitute 174 out of 545 Lok Sabha’s seat (Lower House), which
is 32% of the total seats! And almost all PM’s came from these states and these
are one of the bigger states in India yet these surprisingly are the most
backward. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
India is considered a global
success story and imagine that people living here in conditions which are worse than even the worst of the countries worldwide. Why it is so that a country
considered on right path has such conditions, has such drastic contrasts</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
People say that smaller states
have performed better than bigger states but then critics have pointed out that
bigger states like Maharashtra have done better while smaller states many of
them in North East are struggling. Critics have also pointed out that smaller
states could mean a drive towards Balkanisation of the country. This is a very
important question that cannot be generalized and we have to go into detail to
understand the topic. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Firstly to start with there have
been certain pointers that point to chance of success be more than others</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Homogenous Culture</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
When a state consists of a homogenous culture then broadly
it helps to get the political leader over his vs. our culture. The population
is less concerned about their culture being in danger and more focus goes
towards development. This mean governance not culture get’s precedence. This
can be seen in the new state of Uttarakhand or now cut state of Bihar could get
over the fight of Hill men vs. Plain people or Tribal vs. Non Tribal. Not
taking credit away from Nitish Kumar, but a homogenous factor of Bihar coming
out has surely helped him. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
People will now question by that logic demand for
Telegana should have never come. Well to answer that kindly go through the
points stated below</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Management Range of Population</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Whenever a manager has to form a team which should
small enough so that it can be managed well and big enough that it should have
the ability to keep ideating and keep coming with new ideas. If he goes beyond
that range the team will not be effective. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
In a similar way the state is also like a team which
effectively implement the policies of the government. This team on a political
scale is represented by MP’s and on a bureaucratic level represent by the
District Collector’s. Studies have shown that this size should be limited
between 5 to 22-23 members. The states which are below will be stagnated on the
ideating power and lose the scale to maximize itself, while a state with huge
team simply will not be humanely possible to manage.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Many of the states which have done better on HDI index
fall in this range like Punjab, Haryana, and Uttarakhand. However there are
many cases which fall in the range and are not doing good and some which are
beyond that and doing better than others. Why so because there are some other
factors also</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Size of State</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Like Population of the state has an effect on how
effective the management will be, similarly area also has a major impact.
Imagine 2 people managing specific area as collectors. One has a huge area of
15000 Sq Km and another has just 1000 Sq Km. Taking the areas as circle (Which
will never be such a case. We all know how the District’s are), the first one
will have end to end distance of atleast 140 Km while second one as 36 Km. This
means that the first collector for the same work would travel atleast 3 Hrs
while First Collector will be sipping coffee.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
I am not suggesting that all states should have equal
area, but what I am suggesting in that if a state has a wide geographical
spread then it will somewhere have an impact on the development activities and
hence super area states would need to be trimmed. However if the state is small
in area then it means that it will lack in resources in taking up big projects.
The plausible range of State according to me would range from 35000 Sq Km to
around 105000 Sq Km. This number has been derived from a guestimate based on
experience I gained while going to so many places across the country thanks to
my job, data collected from present states and some level of guess.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Capital as Focal Centres</b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Every state has a capital. The capital will always
have government offices and a level on government investment in that city. This
leads to many other people being indirectly involved with the capital. In most
of the states the development is around the capital cities, like Mumbai,
Chennai, Bengaluru and many more. These capitals turn out as focal points of
development and mostly any other city comes up. (If you are thinking about Pune
or Mysore remember they come in the focal range of the capital as they are just
3-4 Hrs away). </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
When a state is bigger in area then the far flung
regions will be left out of the range of the focal points. This can be seen in
many of the bigger states like the advanced states like Maharashtra &
Gujarat where areas like Vidarbha, Marathwada in the first state and Saurashtra
& Kutch in the later. Infact Vidarbha and Saurashtra can be compared to the
most backward of the area across the country. The same case can be seen in
other states like North Karnataka (Kar), Telegana & Rayalseema (AP),
Coimbatore Region (TN).</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 14.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
When we put the states of India on the 3 factors of Homogeneity, MP’s (Effective Team Management) & Area of the states, and give
points to the states, the states with all 3 in the right zone are one of the most
progressive states. Infact if we see the development and the above factor there
is a high Correlation factor of 0.59.A 0.50 factor is a very strong case presenting that these 3 factors have a very strong influence besides other local factors like leadership, culture orientation. A state will have more chance of progress if it has the 3 factors rather than not having them. Having said that no one can mitigate the requirement of a strong and direction CM</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
The table below shows the status of every state on the 3
parameters and also shows the progress. The progress is measured as a factor of
HDI of state, uniformity of development, growth rate of economy & level of
services and industry. The last factor is important as if a state like many in
North East is good in HDI, but lack in it, it can lead to a case of
unemployment and can force people to migrate and bring discontent. It is due to
lack of uniform development that many so called progressive states like Guj,
Mah, Kar, TN etc have been put in the average zone.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicAvR8mnx4HXp54tCKePxeQaAQyZEPBs4KfTJ_qLsUhuvUF3yaFXQHWInlYRSTn8yoDnZHxa_IavaiW5zi4aWJdvLP6xjwVZVBfSGung0p5PrFtCnMCOTek720RbloOjCHxtFyAtVd8VE/s1600/India+States+Comparision.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="632" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicAvR8mnx4HXp54tCKePxeQaAQyZEPBs4KfTJ_qLsUhuvUF3yaFXQHWInlYRSTn8yoDnZHxa_IavaiW5zi4aWJdvLP6xjwVZVBfSGung0p5PrFtCnMCOTek720RbloOjCHxtFyAtVd8VE/s640/India+States+Comparision.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Comparing the 3 factors with the progress made by states shows a high correlation factor of 0.59</td></tr>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
As from the table we can easily see that all the states
with 3 Pts have high progress. Uttarakhand which is in average zone
was few years ago in Bad zone and has rapidly gone into average zone and within
a few years will go into the good zone as it is one of the fastest growing states. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
Hence it is high time that we bring about a Second State Reorganization Committee which needs to completely redraw the internal map
based of these factors so that we can accelerate the development of India</div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">In the next part of my article I will look into
the various concerns and myths that are associated with forming many states in
India. To read the article click here</span> <a href="http://theworldviewbyjashan.blogspot.in/2013/05/need-for-more-states-myths-in-making.html" target="_blank">Need for more States: Myths in making new states</a><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-62056147249525682412012-11-04T23:43:00.001+05:302012-11-04T23:43:05.016+05:30Pakistan-What will be the future<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<div style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;">
<img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSR8dyNWYL9hSb0Np86qRTKKGkQH8sRV74ghU0ZncuaKoD_FjA616e_McGpDlHrMClO1mlYtnsiZG4hHdC03VePl8g0NP4sdHySXz5hZLr2RckNi79LIASVRVyfRtTV2bCUI6FZaii0Eo/s320/Break+Up+of+Pakistan.jpg" width="320" /></div>
<br />
<br />
Click on this link <a href="http://jashan-celebrating-life.blogspot.in/2009/04/pakistan-what-will-be-future.html">Pakistan-What will be the future</a> and read the complete article. The link is to my other blog<br />
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-86174791842781835542012-11-04T23:41:00.001+05:302012-11-04T23:41:13.458+05:30Does India need more states <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Go to this link <a href="http://jashan-celebrating-life.blogspot.in/2010/02/does-india-needs-more-states.html">Does India need more states </a>which is my other blog and read this article<br />
<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-434125949341756738.post-12553378081993630012011-08-24T08:02:00.001+05:302012-06-02T00:25:44.728+05:30Middle East Needs Restructure<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The middle east is one of the most active places on earth. It is an Area which is related to oil, violence, Terrorism and so many other things. The question that always comes to my mind is why is this Area so volatile. What is the reason that peace eludes this region<br />
<br />
When I look into the question one thing that surely comes high is Oil. The Oil definitely brings in outside interference and the forces do interfere to keep their interests protected. This definitely is a major reason but does not answer the question completely. There must be some other reason<br />
<br />
For that let's look back into the history. Most of the Middle east was under the Ottoman Empire. Some of it was under British Empire or Influence. USSR also had many Muslim countries under it while Iran and Persia we Independent but under sphere's of Influence. Being under so many different areas meant that their rulers had their influence, but also meant that the boundaries between countries were made by sword and not by people<br />
<br />
Even though the rulers kept changing but the boundaries of countries we still very much based on old times. This meant Iraq was basically a country formed of Kurds in north, Sunni's in Centre and Shia's in South. While Kurds were Divided in Turk Ruled Turkey, British Influenced Iraq and Independent Iran.<br />
Similarly many countries are made up of many races. This includes Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan. It also meant that many Ethnic group divided across countries like Kurds, Baloch's, Shia's, Azerbaijani's and so many more<br />
<br />
So the nations who built the boundaries used this exact thing to instal Kings or Dictators in countries. They would support a Ethnic group's leader as a King. He would favor this people and through them rule the whole country. In this way to the outsider if the King or Dictator would try to go his way, they would pull back the support and support somebody else and King's rule in danger. So the King or Dictator would agree to the outside force as his survival depended on him<br />
<br />
Also in case people of country rose against the dictator and try to establish democracy, it would mean deep differences in country based on Ethnic lines or Tribal factor. This can be easily seen in many democracies that have just been formed after Arab Spring<br />
<br />
What actually needs to be done is to form countries based on one Ethnicity. This would help the country to get over differences of Ethnicity and fight over real issues. The above map depicts a rough way in which the new nations need to be formed. Offcourse the boundaries here are very coarse and I just wanted to give an rough cut idea<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_P50N2-JyUjDa6z1msHtzHlHPFETD-Z8B4ajDJi5ff-VQYfgpzVsnGrlM0Ch_blgc-pHtjEJCkCeFbh1ztUh6i837hobUnYmuVdPfO27bXyJpa3IQPldssfdsR9zQ8IJ2E1TSTf9WvBY/s1600/Middle+East+Map.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_P50N2-JyUjDa6z1msHtzHlHPFETD-Z8B4ajDJi5ff-VQYfgpzVsnGrlM0Ch_blgc-pHtjEJCkCeFbh1ztUh6i837hobUnYmuVdPfO27bXyJpa3IQPldssfdsR9zQ8IJ2E1TSTf9WvBY/s640/Middle+East+Map.gif" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The rough cut map of Middle East based on Ethnic Group</td></tr>
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This will not happen overnight but surely one by one countries would be broken on formed on same lines. The sooner it happen, sooner it will bring peace to every trouble Middle East</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0